1)
1/(x+y)=8/3
1/y-1/x=4
x+y=(3/3)/(8/3)
x+y=(3/3)*(3/8)
x+y=9/24
x+y=3/8
y=3/8-x
1/(3/8-x)-1/x=4
x*(1/(-x+3/8)-1/x)=4x
(-16x+3)/(8x-3)=4x
(-16x+3)/(8x-3)*(-x+3/8)=4x*(-x+3/8)
2x-3/8=-4x^2+3x/2
4x^2+x/2-3/8=0
D=(1/2)^2-4*4*(-3/8)=6.25
x1=(√6.25-1/2)/(2*4)=1/4=0.25
x2=(-√6.25-1/2)/(2*4)=-3/8
y=3/8-2/8=1/8=0.125
1/0.25=4 часа первый
1/0,125=8 часов второй
2)
360/x-360/y=0.5
3y-3x=30
3y=3x+30
y=(3x+30)/3
y=x+10
(360/x-360/(x+10))*x=0.5x
3600/(x+10)=0.5x
3600/(x+10)*(x+10)=0.5x*(x+10)
3600=0.5x^2+5x
-0.5x^2-5x+3600=0
D=(-5)^2-4*(-0.5)*3600=7225
x1=(√7225-(-5))/(2*(-0.5))=-90
x2=(-√7225-(-5))/(2*(-0.5))=80 км в час
у=80+10=90 км в час
2сos2x=0
cos2x=0
2x=π/2+πn
x=π/4+πn/2
2)4 sinx + 5 cosx = 4
8sinx/2cosx/2+5cos²x/2-5sin²x/2-4sin²x/2-4cos²x/2=0
9sin²x/2-8sinx/2cosx/2-cos²x/2=0 /cos²x/2≠0
9tg²x/2-8tgx/2-1=0
tgx/2=a
9a²-8a-1=0
D=64+36=100
a1=(8-10)/18=-1/9⇒tgx/2=-1/9⇒x/2=-arctg1/9+πn⇒x=-2arctg1/9+2πn
a2=(8+10)/18=1⇒tgx/2=1⇒x/2=π/4+πn⇒x=π/2+2πn
4)2 sin²x + sinx - 3 = 0
sinx=a
2a²+a-3=0
D=1+24=25
a1=(-1-5)/4=⇒sinx=-1,5∉[-1;1] нет решения
a2=(-1+5)/4=1⇒sinx=1⇒x=π/2+2πn
5)tgx= 3 ctg x
tgx=3/tgx
tg²x=3 tgx≠0
tgx=-√3 U tgx=√3
x=-π/3+πn U x=π/3+πn