1read the following text and match headings a–f with
paragraphs 1–5. there is one heading you do not need.
a who added the wheels?
b our modern rollercoasters
c the terrifying coaster that stopped
d how old is the rollercoaster?
e rollercoasters of the future
f coasters in france and the usa
a history of the rollercoaster
1)you probably think that we invented rollercoasters in the
20th century, but they’ve been around for a lot longer than
that! rollercoaster historians believe the first rollercoasters
were actually russian ‘ice-slides’, popular in st. petersburg in
the 16th century. riders used to climb up the steps at the
back of the ice-slide, and then speed down a wooden slope
covered in slippery ice.
2)
however, the 16th century ice-slides didn’t use the wheeled
cars that our rollercoasters have today. historians can’t quite
agree who first added wheels and created a true ‘rolling
coaster’. some think the russians did this in 1784 when they
made little carriages which went over hills on a kind of tiny
railway track. other historians say it was the french who
started using wheeled carriages on the top of long slides.
3)a french coaster did have the first loop, though. in 1846, in
paris, they opened a 13-metre high rollercoaster ride with a
four-metre loop in it. the layout was simple: people rode
down a gentle slope in a little carriage and went through a
small metal circle. and then in 1884, lamarcus thompson
created the first rollercoaster in the united states – with a
top speed of six miles per hour. the rollercoaster industry
was born!
4)during the 20th century, the rollercoaster really took off. in
1999, thrill-seekers saw the opening of nearly 120 new or
rebuilt rollercoasters around the world. the number of
coasters on the planet now stands at just under 900 rides.
the world’s tallest rollercoaster is called ‘superman, the
escape’, and is in california. the train races up to a height of
125 metres, then falls backwards at 100 miles per hour! and
there are record-breaking continuous-circuit coasters in
japan, which can cost as much as $15 million to build.
5)for the next generation of rollercoasters, people are talking
about arrow dynamics’ ‘pipeline’ prototype. the cars run
between rails which are at the same height as the riders’
stomachs. not good to ride on if you’ve just eaten! so far,
the high price of this coaster means it’s still at the design
stage, but we’ll probably be able to ride on the pipeline one
day in the future. people are always looking for new thrills –
and perhaps charles lindbergh was right when he said ‘a
certain amount of danger is essential to the quality of life.’
ответ: ты хотяб напиши что делать
объяснение: