примеры сжатия текста
Памятка сокращения текста»
1) исключение второстепенной информации, подробностей, деталей;
1.При исключении необходимо сначала выделить главное с точки зрения основной мысли текста и детали (подробности), затем убрать детали, объединить существенное и составить новый текст.
- исключение отдельных слов, словосочетаний, фрагментов предложений,
- исключение одного или нескольких синонимов в ряду однородных членов,
- исключение вводных, уточняющих и поясняющих конструкций,
- исключение одного или нескольких предложений.
Упражнение№1. Прочитайте отрывок. Подчеркните в нем информацию, которую можно исключить. Сократите текст. Запишите сокращенный вариант.
Исходный текст.
Проходя мимо куста черемухи, где свищет и щелкает соловей, мы с замиранием сердца думаем, понимающим толк в музыке, предназначен этот сольный концерт. Нет его слушает скрытая серенькая подружка певца. Ее сердце, вероятно, сжимается от такой же как наша, радость.
Сокращенный вариант.
Проходя мимо куста черемухи, где свищет и соловей, мы думаем, что именно нам предназначен этот сольный концерт. Нет его слушает скрытая в молодых листьях серенькая подружка певца. Ее сердце, вероятно, сжимается от радости.
2.Обобщение частной информации, конкретных, единичных явлений;
Памятка «Обобщение».
Сокращать текс можно обобщением:
-заменить несколько слов общим понятием;
-заменить однородные члены обобщающим словом;
-заменить предложение или его часть местоимением с обобщающим значением.
a) John usually (has) lunch at the canteen but today he (is eating) at home with his parents.
b) Mary (is talking) to a friend at the moment.
c) How often a day do you (eat) ice-cream?
d) She often (cleans) the house on Saturdays.
e) Susan (loves) music and dancing.
f) The cat (is sleeping) under the table at the moment.
g) She (does not like) her job.
h) Good students always (study) hard.
i) They generally (arrive) early but today they came late.
i) (Does she see) her grandparents every week?
k) My mother (is cooking) at the moment.
l) I (think) she (is) very pretty.
m) It never (rains) in summer but now (it is raining).
n) He (is taking) a walk downtown now.
o) He (goes) surfing every two days.
p) Now Susan (sleep).
q) (Do you do) it every lesson?
Task
Task 4. You know, when there was television, many people predicted that radio
disappear. But they were wrong. Since the arrival of the TV and radio audience
have increased, and the radio now has more listeners than ever before. I think it's radio
it has become the most important media for music.
Answer the question.
1. When do you think people listen to the radio these days?
2. Do you often listen to the radio?
3. When do you use the Internet?
4. What do you use it for?
Task 5. Read the text. Associate each paragraph with one of the following
a - f headers. One header is unnecessary.
And hate propaganda
B a pleasant way to relax and spend your free time
C not only entertainment
D time is money
E viewing recommendations
F media is more real than reality
1. the Press, television and radio (mass media) play an important role in the life of society.
society. They influence how people view the world and make them
they change their views. Some people say: "News is not what happens – it's what you
watch or read in the media."In other words, the media shape public opinion.
(Sometimes it's good, but sometimes it's terribly bad. It depends.)
2. Millions of people watch TV and read Newspapers and magazines in their free time.
Magazines. Television dominates a person's life if the family watches it most of the time.
time. Television informs, educates and entertains people. Various TV games, such as
both quizzes and music programs attract a large audience. During a TV quiz
these questions are answered by the viewers themselves. Then there is the daily TV
series known as soap operas. Some people find them boring, others find them boring
to have good entertainment and relaxation.
3. There is also a lot of advertising on television. Many commercial firms buy time to
advertise your products. Advertising often annoys the General public. Movie, good
a basketball or football game may be interrupted several times by advertising
for soap powder or new perfume. To convince the audience that something is wrong.
the product is the best and convince them to buy it takes not only a lot
imagination, but also a lot of time. The same ads are repeated by dozens
time every day that tires the audience.
4. Some people say that there is too much violence on TV that has a bad
influence on the audience, especially young people. Television often shows scenes from
violence.
5. but it is hardly fair to say that television does not try to raise the cultural level of society.
people either develop their artistic taste. Many of the TV programs are excellent: they
made in good taste and with great professional skill. Television brings in
millions of homes are not only news and entertainment, but also culturally and
educational program. Good or bad, television brings the world into our home
and makes us closer to other people. In addition, it is a good company for people who
live alone.
views-views
spare-free
entertains-entertains
annoys-annoying
to interrupt-interrupt
to convince, to persuade – to convince
scenes-scenes
fair-fair
Exercise 6. You have a lot of favorite programs. So the next challenge is to match
each program type is on the left with the correct item on the right. (find
matches)
1) football, Boxing, swimming
2) Life in different countries
3) People try to win prizes by answering questions
4) advertising for the products
5) animals, fish, birds, plants, flowers
6) information about what is happening in the world
7) jokes and funny situations
8) the history of everyday family life
a) nature films
b) quiz shows
C) news
d) soap operas
e) commercials
f) tourist films
g) Comedy
h) sports
Объяснение: