сделать краткий пересказ этой темы "London" London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is country’s political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. London is situated on the river Thames and covers the territory about 1500 square kilometres. The population of the city is about 8,5 million people.
London was founded by Romans in 43 AD. It has more than a 20 century-old history. Nowadays London is a wealthy city. It is the second largest city in Europe and one of the largest cities in the world.
London is divided into 33 boroughs, including the City, the West End, the East End and Westmister. The heart of London is the City – the business centre of the capital. Numerous banks, offices and firms are concentrated here, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. The West End is known as the most beautiful and the richest part of London. It is a symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks and houses are situated here. The industrial district of the capital is the East End. There are many factories and enterprises as well as the Port of London. The East End is famous as the centre of the clothing industry in London. Also the East End is proud to be a place where the true Londoners live. They call themselves cockneys – hereditary inhabitants of this area. One more district is Westminster. It is the aristocratic official part of London. A lot of historical buildings are situated here.
London is a very old city, so there are a great variety of sights. Tourists can visit different places of interest – beginning with parks and finishing with palaces.
The oldest and the most attractive place for tourists in London is the Tower of London. It was founded by Julius Caesar. In 1066 it was rebuilt by William the Conqueror. The Tower of London represents a complex of towers and castles that was used as a fortress, a royal residence and a prison. Now it is a museum where Crown Jewels are kept. The legendary black ravens live here.
One more magnificent building is the Houses of Parliament that is situated on the north bank of the river Thames. This building is known as a place where British Parliament sits. Also it is famous for the Clock Tower with the big hour bell, known as “Big Ben”.
There are two great royal churches in London - St. Paul’s Cathedral and Westminster Abbey. St. Paul’s Cathedral was built in the 17th century by a famous English architect, Sir Christopher Wren. As for Westminster Abbey it is a place where coronation of nearly all kings and queens usually takes place.
One more tourists’ attraction is the Buckingham palace as it is a place where the Queen lives. The Changing of the Guard takes place near this palace. It is a major ceremony and tourist attraction taking place every day during the summer months.
The geographical centre of London is Trafalgar Square. It was named in the memory of Admiral Nelson’s victory at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson’s Column stands in the middle of the square.
Opposite the Nelson’s monument there is the National Gallery. The National Gallery was founded in 1824 and presents great collection of European paintings. Not far from the National Gallery there is the British Museum – the biggest museum in London. It contains the priceless collection of different things (manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc.). Also the British Museum is famous for its library that contains about 7 million books. One more gallery, the Tate Gallery, was opened in 1897 and contains a unique collection of British paintings from the 16th century to the present day.
You cannot leave the city without visiting London’s parks. One of the most famous parks is Hyde Park. It is popular for sports events and sometimes it hosts open-air concerts. Regent's Park houses London Zoo, the world's oldest scientific zoo. Greenwich Park is famous for the Royal Observatory.
London keeps growing. So, in the beginning of the 21st century London Eye was opened. It is a huge observation wheel that became the new symbol of the city. In 2012 London gained the right to host the 30th Olympic Games.
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