1. The mainland of Europe stretched much further west than now.
Континентальная часть Европы растянулась на запад дальше, чем сейчас. The past simple. Active voice.
1. London is situated on the Thames.
Лондон находится на Темзе. The present simple. Passive voice.
2. The man who is speaking now is our secretary.
Человек, который сейчас говорит, это наш секретарь. The present continuous. Active voice.
3. T he scientist’s attention has been attracted by Egyptian pyramids.
Внимание ученых было привлечено египетскими пирамидами. The present perfect. Passive voice.
2
1. The British Isles and the neighboring small islands were left above the surface of the sea. Participle 2. Часть глагола сказуемого.
Британские острова и соседние маленькие острова остались над уровнем моря.
2. T hey showed us a list of the articles sold at the auction . Participle 2. Определение.
Они показали нам список статей проданных на аукционе.
3. When asked the question he couldn’t answer. Participle 2. Обстоятельство.
Когда его спросили вопрос он не смог ответить.
4. Being built of wood the bridge will not be able to carry heavy loads. Patriciple 1. Обстоятельство.
Так как мост построен из дерева, он не сможет выдержать тяжелые грузы.
3
1. He started early in the morning while it was still cold.
Он начал рано утром, пока было еще холодно.
2. The problem you have to solve is not so simple as we thought before.
Проблема, которую вам необходимо решить не такая легкая, как мы думали раньше.
3. You may ring me up when you leave your office.
Ты можешь мне позвонить, когда покинешь офис.
4. He said he hadn’t seen you.
Он сказал, что тебя не видел.
4
1. No visitor to London can miss these buildings.
Ни один посетитель Лондона не сможет пропустить эти здания.
2. You are not to be late.
Ты не должен опоздать.
3. We had to walk home because the last bus had gone.
Нам пришлось идти домой пешком, так как последний автобус уже ушел.
4. He was allowed to use dictionary.
Ему разрешили пользоваться словарем.
5. The British Isles
Many thousands of years ago the mainland of Europe stretched much further west than now, and by the sinking of the land, the ocean covered a great deal of the continent. The British Isles and neighboring small islands were left above the surface of the sea, because they were the highest parts of the land. The water flowed into the valleys among the hills, thus producing an uneven coast and many good harbors.
There are many facts which prove this. None of the seas round the British Isles are very deep. In fact in some parts of the North Sea there is a depth of less than six meters. The rounded flat-topped hills that give character to the English scenery have been worn down by the slowly moving sheet of ice that once covered the whole of Northern Europe. The white chalk cliffs of Southern England correspond to those of Northern France, while the lowlands of the east coast correspond to the lowlands of Holland. The forests that once covered the greater part of the country were made up of common European trees. Nowadays there are practically no forests in Britain, but there are very many leafy trees that give beauty to the countryside.
Британские острова
Много тысяч лет назад континентальная часть Европы протягивалась намного дальше на запад, чем сейчас, и с понижением уровня земли, океан покрыл большую часть континента. Британские острова и соседние с ними небольшие острова остались над уровнем моря, потому что они были самыми высокими частями земли. Вода текла в долины среди холмов, таким образом, производя неровное побережье и много хороших гаваней.
Есть много фактов, которые доказывают это. Ни одно из морей вокруг Британских островов не является очень глубоким. Фактически в некоторых частях Северного моря есть глубина менее шести метров. Округленные холмы с плоской вершиной, которые дают характер английскому пейзажу, были стерты медленно движущимся слоем льда, который когда-то покрывал всю Северную Европу. Белые как мел утесы южной Англии соответствуют таковым в Северной Франции, в то время как низменность восточного побережья соответствует низменности Голландии. Леса, которые когда-то покрывали большую часть страны, представляли собой обычные европейские деревьея. В настоящее время в Великобритании нет фактически никаких лесов, но есть очень много покрытых листвой деревьев, которые дают красоту сельской местности.
6
1. What produced an uneven coast and many good harbours?
The water that flowed into the valleys among the hills produced an uneven coast and many good harbors.
2. What gave character to the English scenery?
The rounded flat-topped hills give character to the English scenery.
3. Are the seas round the British Isles deep?
No, the seas round the British Isles are not deep.
4. What gives beauty to the countryside of Britain?
Many leafy trees give beauty to the countryside of Britain.
Participle I может быть
Z1 определением (attribute)Z2 обстоятельством (adverbial modifier)Z3 частью сказуемого (part of the predicate)Participle II может быть
X1 определением (attribute)X2 обстоятельством (adverbial modifier)Gerund может быть
G1 подлежащим (subject)G2 определением (attribute)G3 обстоятельством (adverbial modifier)G4 именной частью сказуемого (the nominal part of the predicate)G5 прямым дополнением (direct object)G7 косвенным дополнением (indirect object)Advertising [G1] is any paid from of no personal presentation and promotion products, services, or ideas by an identifiable individual or organization. It flourishes mainly in free-market, profit-oriented [noun + Participle II; X1] countries. It is one of the most important factors in accelerating [G7] the distribution of products and helping [G7] to false the standard of living [G2]. Advertising [G1] cannot turn a poor product or service into a good one. But what it can do — and does — is to create an awareness about both old and new products and services. So three main objectives of advertising are: (1) to produce knowledge about the product or service; (2) to create preference for it; and (3) to stimulate thought and action about it.
Careers in advertising [G4] may involve working [G5] for advertisers, media, advertising [Z1] agencies, or suppliers and special services. In opinion of American specialists, at most only 35 colleges and universities in the USA have effective programs of advertising [G2] education. Fewer man 10 offer any truly significant amount of graduate work in advertising [G7]. However, advertising [G1] draws people from a variety of educational backgrounds.
All media use salesmen to sell advertising [Z1] space or broadcasting [Z1] time. Media salesmen must be knowledgeable about business and skilled [X1] in salesmanship.
# 6However, advertising draws people from a variety of educational backgrounds.Careers in advertising may involve working for advertisers, media, advertising agencies, or suppliers and special services.Advertising produces knowledge about the product.# 7Media salesmen must be knowledgeable about business and skilled in salesmanship.Careers in advertising may involve working for advertisers, media, advertising agencies, or suppliers and special services.# 10Awareness about both old and new products is created with advertising.Working for advertisers is involved in careers in advertising.Advertising draws people from a variety of educational backgrounds. (не изменить)
1.forest
2.trees
3.very cold
4.Northen Ireland
5.An Irish legend says a giant called finn McCool
Объяснение:
Удачи!