Question

1. Changes in the supply of transport services are affected by human technologies, customer demand and external cost.

2. Many characteristics of transport demand are influenced by a multitude of simultaneously occurring tendencies.

3. In Helsinki the road dust problem is mainly blamed on winter sanding and has been addressed since the 1980s.

4. Transport and transporters are influenced by the changes in political and public opinion, by the rapid development of telecommunications and so on.

5. The capacity of existing European waterways is not fully utilized.

Ex. 2. Paraphrase the following sentences using passive voice.

1. In mass production industries, most of the production plans are based on the estimation of market demand.

2. The project, Noise Innovation Program is being carried out by the Dutch Road Laboratory, which is expected to cost 55 million Euro.

3. Importance is placed on making use of each other’s’ expertise and special equipment.

4. Voices are now heard calling for a significant and lasting way to reduce the consumption of energy by transport.

5. Transport is not viewed in isolation, but is closely linked with policies including those covering the environment, energy and safety.

Answer 1

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