Clinical depression, clinical trial, endorphin, hormone,
immune system, muscle, physiological, pulse, stress, therapy
1. : a form of treatment for an illness ormedical condition.
2. : relating to the way that the body of aliving thing operates.
3. : a chemical substance produced inanimals and plants that controls thingssuch as growth.
4. : a type of hormone produced in the bodythat reduces pain, especially when youare injured or physically tired.
5. : the system in your body that protectsyou against diseases.
6. : the regular movement of blood as theheart pumps it round the body.
7. : a piece of flesh that connects one boneto another and is used for moving aparticular part of your body
8. : a worried or nervous feeling that stopsyou relaxing, caused, for example, bypressure at work or personal problems.
9. : a medical condition in which a personis so unhappy that they cannot live anormal life
10. : a test of a new medicine that involvesgiving it to people.
Listening comprehension
1. Watch the video and put the section titles in the correct order.
Laughter clubs
Using laughter to aid recovery
Clinical trials
Signs of clinical depression
2. Choose the correct option. Circle your answer.
Scientists have discovered that laughing produces physiological changes that (1) calm / excite body and
mind. After laughing, the pulse (2) drops / increases, levels of happy hormones called endorphins (3) fall
/ rise, and (4) less / more oxygen is supplied to the muscles. The body’s natural immune system gets a (5)
boost / rest, and stress hormones in the blood are (6) increased / reduced as well.
3. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements.
1 As children we laugh around 100 times a day. T / F
2 Adults don’t laugh enough. T / F
3 Being unable to laugh at all is a sign of clinical depression. T / F
4 We can learn to laugh again at laughter clubs. T / F
5 Artificial laughter doesn’t have the same health benefits as the real thing. T / F
6 In hospitals trainee doctors pretend to be clowns. T / F
2. Physiological: This term refers to the way that the body of a living thing operates. It relates to the physical and chemical processes within the body that help it function properly.
3. Endorphin: Endorphins are chemical substances that are produced in animals and plants. They act as natural painkillers and are responsible for feelings of pleasure and well-being.
4. Hormone: Hormones are chemical substances produced in the body. They control various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
5. Immune system: The immune system is the body's defense system against diseases. It protects the body by recognizing and attacking foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses.
6. Pulse: Pulse refers to the regular movement of blood as the heart pumps it around the body. It can be felt as a throbbing sensation in arteries, such as the wrist or neck.
7. Muscle: Muscles are pieces of flesh that connect one bone to another and are used for moving a particular part of the body. They enable us to move, lift, and perform physical activities.
8. Stress: Stress is a worried or nervous feeling that stops a person from relaxing. It can be caused by various factors, such as work pressure or personal problems.
9. Clinical depression: Clinical depression is a medical condition in which a person experiences persistent and intense feelings of sadness. It affects their ability to function normally in daily life.
10. Therapy: Therapy refers to a form of treatment for an illness or medical condition. It can involve various approaches, such as counseling, medication, or physical exercises.
Listening Comprehension:
1. The correct order of the section titles in the video is as follows:
a) Signs of clinical depression
b) Clinical trials
c) Using laughter to aid recovery
d) Laughter clubs
2. The correct options are:
1) Laughing produces physiological changes that calm the body and mind.
2) After laughing, the pulse drops.
3) Levels of happy hormones called endorphins rise.
4) More oxygen is supplied to the muscles.
5) The body's natural immune system gets a boost.
6) Stress hormones in the blood are reduced.
3. The correct answers are:
1) True. As children, we tend to laugh around 100 times a day.
2) True. Adults often don't laugh enough compared to children.
3) False. Being unable to laugh at all is not necessarily a sign of clinical depression.
4) True. It is possible to learn to laugh again at laughter clubs.
5) False. Artificial laughter can have similar health benefits as genuine laughter.
6) False. In hospitals, trained professionals, such as clowns, may entertain patients, but trainee doctors do not pretend to be clowns.