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A pantomime tells a story, an old story, often a children’s story like “Cinderella”1, “Dick Whittington and His Cat”, or “Aladdin and His Lamp”. A pantomime is full of music and dance, but it is not an opera or a ballet. There are often clowns and animals in a pantomime, but it is not a circus. A pantomime is... a pantomime. A good pantomime is very funny, but there is often a lesson in it too. Good people have to fight bad people, and always win in the end. So children learn about Right and Wrong and True Love. And they have a good time in the theatre. They can laugh, shout and sing. It’s all part of a real pantomime.
Pantomime appeared in the ancient world of Greece and Rome. The ancient Romans ate and drank a lot and danced in the streets during a big winter festival. Women wore men’s clothes and men wore women’s clothes. In a modern pantomime they do the same too.
The word pantomime comes from Greece and Rome too. Pantomime was the Latin name for a special kind of actor. Such actors never spoke but used their bodies, faces and hands to tell a story. This has always been a part of pantomime.
In the 16th century groups of actors used to travel round Italy and France. They told stories through words and mime. The characters were always the same — Harlequin, a poor but clever young man, Columbine, a pretty girl, and Pantaloon [lpaent3llu:n], her father. He is a nasty old man and has a servant Clown. Harlequin loves Columbine and wants to marry her. Pantaloon says “No,” but the young people run away together. Pantaloon and Clown try to catch them, but Clown is really helping Harlequin. Together they play a lot of tricks on the stupid old man and he never catches the young lovers. Harlequin has a magic stick, so he can quickly change people and things. Tricks and quick changes are an important part of modern pantomime.
The first English pantomime appeared in England in 1721. Nowadays people know it as a kind of British play for children and perform it at Christmas. Schoolchildren often stage pantomimes themselves at schools. A modern pantomime is full of the ideas of the past. The stories are different but the characters are the same. People know the stories and wait for their favourite characters to appear. They are Principal Boy, a hero (a young woman always performs this part), the Dame, ugly and old (a man always is in this part) who is very funny, and a comic animal such as the pantomime horse, that can talk and dance.
full of music, dancing
not opera, but ballet
clowns, animals
through words and facial expressions
appeared in ancient Greece and Rome
the same characters: Columbine, pantaloon
these days-it's a kind of game for kids at Christmas
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