On byl odnim iz velichayshikh polkovodtsev i gosudarstvennykh deyateley drevnosti. Ne zrya s antichnykh vremon i do segodnyashnikh dney za nim prochno zakrepilos' prozvishche «Velikiy». Aleksandr III Velikiy (Makedonskiy) rodilsya 21 iyulya 356 goda do nashey ery v sem'ye makedonskogo tsarya Filippa II v Pelle (stolitsa Makedonii). Otets samostoyatel'no zanimalsya voyennoy podgotovkoy mal'chika. V 343 godu do n.e. on nanyal dlya tsarevicha vospitatelem izvestnogo filosofa Aristotelya. Yeshcho v detskiye gody Aleksandr otlichalsya ot sverstnikov. On byl ravnodushen k telesnym radostyam, a vot chestolyubiye Aleksandra bylo bezgranichno. V 16-letnem vozraste Aleksandr ostalsya za tsarya v Makedonii, kogda Filipp osazhdal Vizantiy, i pravil zhostko, besposhchadno podavit' vosstaniye frakiyskogo plemeni medov. Pri vstuplenii na makedonskiy tron Aleksandr pervym delom raspravilsya s predpolagayemymi uchastnikami zagovora protiv yego ottsa i, po makedonskoy traditsii, s vozmozhnymi pretendentami na tron. Znat' i makedonskiy narod on privlek na svoyu storonu otmenoy nalogov. V samom nachale svoyego pravleniya, v 335 godu do n.e., yunyy tsar' sovershil pokhod protiv severo-zapadnykh sosednikh plemen illiriytsev, triballov, getov. On zastavil sosedey priznat' vladychestvo Makedonii.
Abai Kunanbaev - great poet, writer, public figure and founder of modern Kazakh written literature, reformer of culture in spirit of rapprochement with Russian and European culture on the basis of enlightened liberal Islam.
Abai was born August 10, 1845 in Chingiz mountains, Semipalatinsk region (under the current administrative division) from one of the four wives kunanbai, senior Sultan karkarala district. Abai's family was aristocratic, and grandfather (Oskenbai) and grandfather (Irgizbaya) dominated in his family as rulers and biys. He was lucky in the sense of family coziness and home care, as both mother Ulzhan and grandmother zere were extremely charming and gifted natures. It is with the light hand of the mother the father the name of "Ibrahim" was replaced by the hypocoristic "Abai", that means "circumspect, thoughtful". Under this name he lived all his life and went down in history.
Begun in early childhood introduction to the oral folklore of the people and home the training was continued mullahs in the madrassas of Imam Ahmad Riza. Simultaneously, he studied at Russian school and by the end of the five-year study began to write poetry. With 13 years Kunanbay starts to accustom Abai to administrative activity of the head of family. He had to understand the intergeneric disputes, quarrels, intrigues, and gradually he was disappointed to administrative and political activities, which led to the fact that at the age of 28 years, Abay departs from it entirely took up self-education. But for 40 years he is aware of his vocation as a poet and citizen, in particular, putting under the poem "Summer" is his name (he had previously attributed his works to a friend Zhantasova Kokay). Considerable impetus to the erection high potency of Abay at this point was his Association with the exiled Russian, with E. P. Mikhaelis, N. Dolgopolov, S. Gross. Abay's treatment of Russian culture in the nineteenth century experienced a period of "storm and stress" in literature and art, was the more natural that in the Eastern tradition, the poetic word was highly appreciated. Abai was closed to the poetry of Pushkin, Lermontov, Goethe and Byron. He is in his transcriptions of the Kazakh subtly conveyed the spirit of the translated poems and adapted for attitude of the tribesmen.
For 20 years the blooms are extremely versatile genius of Abai, he gains extraordinary authority, huge and hitherto in the desert not seen the popularity. To it flock the akyns, singers, composers, crowding around him talented young people, creates socio-philosophical and literary schools.
But Abay as the dominant causes wild envy, the rabid animosity shown in the most artful forms. Last strokes of bad luck are connected with death of Abdrahman and magavi. He rejected treatment of an illness and has voluntary doomed itself to death. He is buried near his wintering in the valley zhidebai, near the Chingiz mountains, 60 year life.
ну набери автора и класс в gyгле по английскому языку тебе в !