Nursultan, formerly (until 1961) Akmolinsk, (1961–92) Tselinograd, (1992–98) Aqmola, and (1998–2019) Astana, city, capital of Kazakhstan. Nursultan lies in the north-central part of the country, along the Ishim River, at the junction of the Trans-Kazakhstan and South Siberian railways.
It was founded in 1824 as a Russian military outpost and became an administrative centre in 1868. Its population had reached 33,000 when it was made an oblast (province) centre in 1939. The city’s importance was greatly enhanced during the Soviet period by the government’s Virgin and Idle Lands Campaign of the mid-1950s—Tselinograd was Russian for “City of the Virgin Lands”—and by the city’s role as capital of a kray (region) that united the five northern provinces of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1960–65. There was much new construction and the establishment of various research and higher educational institutions (teacher training, agriculture, medicine, and engineering and construction).
1. The students are going to write a test. The test consist of five tasks.
2. We have a new student in the class. The student come from Peru.
3. Let’s meet in the evening, I’ll be very busy in the afternoon.
4. Don’t worry, we’ll get home before a sunset.
5. A Russian likes a good hard winter with plenty of snow and frost.
6. In this country spring is always wet, summer is hot, autumn is wet, winter is cold.
7. Let’s settle all business matters before lunch.
8. I usually have a cup of tea for breakfast.
9. Tverskaya street is the central street of Moscow.
10. The National Gallery faces Trafalgar Square.
11. They stay at the Hilton Hotel.
12. The Adriatic sea, which between the coasts of Italy and Yugoslavia, is an arm of the Mediterranean sea. 13. The Swiss Alps are a good place to go to if you like skiing.
14. We get tea mostly from China and Ceylon.
15. The pupil showed Europe, Asia, North and South America, Africa on the map.
16. What a witty man!
17. This trip costs a lot of money.
18. Did you have a lovely time at the picnic?
19. Christmas is on the 24th of December.
20. He lives in the north of Africa.
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