1. The bank lends the deposited money for customers who need a capital.
2. Cheques may be written not only for bank deposits but also on interest-bearing building society accounts.
3. The demand of money is determined ... the quantity needed to handle ... business transactions.
4. Nowadays banks handle ... huge amounts ... money deposited ... them.
5. If a cheque is a soft currency, one may have some trouble cashing it to abroad.
6. The Central Bank of Russia uses its reserves to help repay ... Russia's foreign debt.
7. The bank borrows the funds ... the public ... the specific purpose ... lending them ... again ... their customers.
8. Regulations ... America and Japan prevent commercial banks ... trading ... securities.
9. Creditors are persons or businesses ... whom an individual or firm owes money ... goods or services that they have supplied but ... which they have not yet been paid, or because they have made ... a loan.
10. Considerable fluctuations ... prices ... industrial shares are expected to take place ... the stock exchange ... a period of weeks and months.
11. When added, all households', firms' and the government's expenditures ... goods and services make ... the nation's total spending.
Объяснение:
2. The companies selling consumer goods recognize the importance ..of. consumer preferences; they spend over $40 billion ..per. a year.in.. the US .on.. advertising trying to direct consumer preferences .to.. their own products.
3. An increase or a decrease .in.. total revenue may follow .-.. a price rise and a decrease .in.. the quantity produced accompanying it. The effect depends .on.. which change is larger - the change .in.. price or the change .in.. the quantity produced.
4. After a particular market is defined ..in. terms .of.. its product and its geographic area, the economist can study the workings..of. demand and supply .in.. that particular market.
5. As the price ..of. a good increases, consumers can buy less .of.. all goods, including ..-. the good whose price has risen.
6. Opportunity costs and amounts paid .towards.. all resources are included .in.. total costs.
7. The output..of. beer..in. Russia's largest beer maker, Baltika Brewery, grew.up to .. 30 percent .from.. 1999 .till.. the previous year.
8. ..in. 1999, industrial production ..in. Russia increased..by. 7.9 percent but the output..of. agricultural sector decreased ..by. 0.6 percent compared .to.. 1998 level.
9. Every field, economics.in.. particular, has its "schools" and groups. "Liberal" economists believe .in.. market system opportunities. But they also believe .in.. government support and regulation .of.. an economy. "Classical liberals" or the "Chicago Group" rely ..on. people's private choices as the rational basis .of.. the economic system. "Radical" economists, including ..-. Marxists and other critics, believe that free-market capitalism must result.in.. depressions and mass unemployment. They assume that governments must run .-.. all economic units and make all economic decisions.