As it extends across both sides of the Ural River, Kazakhstan is one of only twolandlocked countries in the world that lies on two continents.
With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang[citation needed] and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan. It shares borders of 6,846 kilometres (4,254 mi) with Russia, 2,203 kilometres (1,369 mi) with Uzbekistan, 1,533 kilometres (953 mi) with China, 1,051 kilometres (653 mi) with Kyrgyzstan, and 379 kilometres (235 mi) with Turkmenistan. Major cities include Astana, Almaty, Karagandy, Shymkent, Atyrau and Oskemen. It lies between latitudes40° and 56° N, and longitudes 46° and 88° E. While located primarily in Asia, a small portion of Kazakhstan is also located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe.[50]
Kazakhstan's terrain extends west to east from the Caspian Sea to the Altay Mountains and north to south from the plains of Western Siberia to the oases and deserts of Central Asia. The Kazakh Steppe (plain), with an area of around 804,500 square kilometres (310,600 sq mi), occupies one-third of the country and is the world's largest dry steppe region. The steppe is characterized by large areas of grasslands and sandy regions. Major seas, lakes and rivers include the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash and Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge and the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers.
The climate is continental, with warm summers and colder winters.Precipitation varies between arid and semi-arid conditions.
The Charyn Canyon is 80 kilometres (50 mi) long, cutting through a redsandstone plateau and stretching along the Charyn River gorge in northern Tian Shan ("Heavenly Mountains", 200 km (124 mi) east of Almaty) at 43°21′1.16″N79°4′49.28″E. The steep canyon slopes, columns and arches rise to heights of between 150 and 300 metres. The inaccessibility of the canyon provided a safe haven for a rare ash tree that survived the Ice Age and is now also grown in some other areas.[citation needed] Bigach crater, at 48°30′N 82°00′E, is a Pliocene orMiocene asteroid impact crater, 8 km (5 mi) in diameter and estimated to be 5±3-million years old.
III. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в соответствующую форму Present Simple.
1. My mother enjoys listening to classical music. 2. The students of this school wear a uniform. 3. England look like a large well-kept park. 4. It often rain here in summer. 5. On Halloween the children dress up in different old clothes and wear masks. 6. All my cousins play musical instruments.
IV. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в соответствующую форму Present Continuous.
1. What are you doing, granny? – I am looking for my glasses. 2. Hurry up! Your friends are waiting for you outside. 3. Let’s go home. It is geting cold. 4. Be quiet. The students are taking the final examination. 5. Listen! Somebody is playing the piano in the next room.
V. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Simple или Present Continuous.
1. I read many books in the original. Now I am reading the Fairy Tales by Oscar Wilde. 2. She seldom comes home very early. 3. He likes tennis and we play tennis once a week. 4. Don’t forget to take your umbrella. It is raining hard. 5. It often rains in our city in autumn. 6. Children eat lots of sweets. Look, they are eating sweets in the room.
Douglas arrived at Kennedy Airport and came up to the check-in desk. He put his luggage on the scales, but the man at the desk wasn’t looking at his things. «Are You going for a holiday?» he asked. «Yes,» Douglas answered «Have You ever been to Switzerland?» «No, I Have never been out of the United States.» «Are You going to ski?» «Certainly.» «Why haven’t you got skis with you?» «I will buy them there.» «Hope the weather will be good.» Douglas showed the clerk his ticket and passport and the man gave him a boarding-pass. He was early and he had time to drink a cup of coffee and to read the evening newspaper. Half an hour later he got on the plane together with the other passengers.
With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang[citation needed] and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan. It shares borders of 6,846 kilometres (4,254 mi) with Russia, 2,203 kilometres (1,369 mi) with Uzbekistan, 1,533 kilometres (953 mi) with China, 1,051 kilometres (653 mi) with Kyrgyzstan, and 379 kilometres (235 mi) with Turkmenistan. Major cities include Astana, Almaty, Karagandy, Shymkent, Atyrau and Oskemen. It lies between latitudes40° and 56° N, and longitudes 46° and 88° E. While located primarily in Asia, a small portion of Kazakhstan is also located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe.[50]
Kazakhstan's terrain extends west to east from the Caspian Sea to the Altay Mountains and north to south from the plains of Western Siberia to the oases and deserts of Central Asia. The Kazakh Steppe (plain), with an area of around 804,500 square kilometres (310,600 sq mi), occupies one-third of the country and is the world's largest dry steppe region. The steppe is characterized by large areas of grasslands and sandy regions. Major seas, lakes and rivers include the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash and Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge and the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers.
The climate is continental, with warm summers and colder winters.Precipitation varies between arid and semi-arid conditions.
The Charyn Canyon is 80 kilometres (50 mi) long, cutting through a redsandstone plateau and stretching along the Charyn River gorge in northern Tian Shan ("Heavenly Mountains", 200 km (124 mi) east of Almaty) at 43°21′1.16″N79°4′49.28″E. The steep canyon slopes, columns and arches rise to heights of between 150 and 300 metres. The inaccessibility of the canyon provided a safe haven for a rare ash tree that survived the Ice Age and is now also grown in some other areas.[citation needed] Bigach crater, at 48°30′N 82°00′E, is a Pliocene orMiocene asteroid impact crater, 8 km (5 mi) in diameter and estimated to be 5±3-million years old.