1.1. Make phrases with the words
1) shopping - go shopping, do shopping
2) make - make a cake, make a decision
3) student - university student, high school student
4) can't afford - can't afford to buy, can't afford to go
5) credit - credit card, credit limit
6) extreme - extreme sports, extreme weather
7) young - young people, young children
8) earn - earn money, earn a living
9) household - household chores, household items
10) pocket - pocket money, pocket change
1.2. Fill in the gaps with phrases from task №1.
1. My parents give me pocket money every week.
2. Many teenagers have to earn money to buy all the things they want.
3. Some people are working two jobs to make ends meet these days.
4. I think children should do household chores to help their parents.
5. He went out on a shopping spree and got everything he wanted for himself.
2. Fill in: daring, earned, save, waste, determined
1. I'm happy I've earned enough money to go on a nice holiday.
2. Helen is determined to win the race.
3. The work of a rescue team was extremely daring.
4. We would have to save a long time to afford that car.
5. There is nothing to buy here and I don't want to waste my money.
3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (-ing-form, to-infinitive or bare infinitive):
1. She is looking forward to getting a new mobile phone. (to-infinitive)
2. John is afraid of flying. (-ing-form)
3. I don't mind lending you the book, but you must return it to me next week. (-ing-form, to-infinitive)
4. It's cold outside. You'd better take your coat. (bare infinitive)
5. We saw them doing all the damage. (-ing-form)
6. She enjoys receiving people at home. (-ing-form)
7. I would like to meet that writer. (to-infinitive)
8. I stopped playing football because of a knee injury. (-ing-form)
9. The English teacher doesn't let us use the dictionary while tests. (bare infinitive)
4. Choose the correct preposition.
1. I'm going to take my parents out tonight.
2. Luke is brilliant at basketball.
3. Ivan has taken up tennis.
4. I'm very proud of you!
5. Henry will take over the business when his father dies.
6. Why don't you take off your coat?
7. My brother is crazy about photography.
8. Norman takes after his father in appearance.
9. Are you interested in history?
10. I think you need to take this dress in. It's very loose on you.
5. Form nouns from the words in brackets.
1. Many young sportsmen took part in the different competitions.
2. If you don't change your lifestyle, you'll get nervous exhaustion.
3. He is famous for his achievements in biology.
4. She managed to overcome her dependence on drugs.
5. She made a quick recovery from a cold.
6. Fortunately, she accepted my suggestion.
1. He couldn't get into the house because he had forgotten his keys.
In this sentence, we are talking about a past event (not being able to get into the house), which was the result of a previous action (forgetting his keys). To express this in English, we use the past perfect tense "had forgotten." The word "because" shows the cause-and-effect relationship between forgetting the keys and not being able to get into the house.
2. When he had written all his postcards, he had to buy more stamps.
Here, we have another past perfect tense construction. "Had written" shows that the action of writing the postcards was completed before another event took place (having to buy more stamps). The conjunction "when" indicates the time relationship between the two actions.
3. He remembered the story very well because he had read the book several times.
Similar to the previous sentences, we have a past perfect tense construction ("had read") to show that the action of reading the book was completed before the action of remembering. The word "because" indicates the reason why he remembered the story well.
4. By the time he finished his studies, he wanted a holiday.
In this sentence, we use the simple past tense ("finished") to describe the completion of his studies. The phrase "by the time" indicates that the action of wanting a holiday happened at the same time or after the completion of his studies.
5. When I got home, I discovered I had lost my keys.
Again, we have a past perfect tense construction ("had lost") to express the completion of losing the keys before the action of discovering. The conjunction "when" shows the time relationship between the two actions.
6. Ryan Patterson came up with his idea after he had visited a fast food restaurant.
Here, the past perfect tense ("had visited") is used to indicate that the action of visiting the fast food restaurant occurred before the action of coming up with the idea. The word "after" specifies the time order of the events.
7. He was very hungry because he had not eaten since breakfast.
The past perfect tense ("had not eaten") is used here to express the completion of not eating before the feeling of hunger. The word "because" shows the cause-and-effect relationship between not eating and feeling hungry.
