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They are waiting outside."
I've told him that they were waiting outside.
"I like oranges better than bananas."
She has explained that she liked oranges better than bananas.
"I prefer to go to a gastropub."
Mary says she prefers to go to a gastropub.
"I am very tired."
Mary said she was very tired.
"Mary doesn't cook very well."
Jane told me Mary didn't cook very well.
"I don't often write letters."
Michael says he doesn't often write letters.
"I have left my keys at home."
William says he has left his keys at home.
"I am 25 years old."
Mary says she is 25 years old.
"I'm driving to Lisbon in my car."
Peter said he was driving to Lisbon in his car.
"I will lend you my umbrella," Mary says to her sister.
Mary says to her sister that she will lend her her umbrella.
"I have lost my glasses."
Peter said he had lost his glasses.
"I will help you in the kitchen."
John said to his wife he would help her in the kitchen.
"The festival was last week."
Peter told me the festival had been the previous week.
"I didn't have time to buy what you've asked me."
Jeff told his wife he hadn't had time to buy what she had asked him.
"I've been in England since yesterday."
Peter said he had been in England since the previous day.
Reported Speech:
Есть правило согласования времён.
В нашем случае было два варианта указания косвенной речи. Это можно заметить по времени (Mary said) и настоящему (Mary says).
В случае с настоящим временем меняются только временные указатели, личные, указательные, объектные местоимения, притяжательные прилагательные(в зависимости от контекста):
this/these > that/those yesterday ---> the previous day
I/we > he/she/they here ---> there
me/us ---> him/her/them last week ---> the previous week
my ---> his/her today ---> that day
our ---> their now ---> at that time/then
Я указал не все возможные изменения.
В настоящем(says) времени не нужно как-то изменять само время.
Если нужно переделать предложение на время(told/said), то нужно знать согласование времён:
Present Simple ---> Past Simple
Present Continuous ---> Past Continuous
Present Perfect ---> Past Perfect
Past Simple ---> Past Perfect
Future Simple ---> Future in the past
Тут я также не указал все возможные изменения, а лишь те, что встретились у вас.
Тоесть если в предложении вы замечаете Present Simple, то чтобы переделать его в косвенную речь(Reported Speech), вы должны посмотреть в таблицу согласования и понять, что предложение нужно переписать в Past Simple, а также всё остальное смоятря на контекст.
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