Nowadays everybody knows that people are very busy and don’t have much time to spare. Sometimes it’s only the weekend and I think that every day-off needs some special planning. The English say: "Who knows how to work, knows how to rest". I think it’s true. In my view rest is as important as work. So I try to treasure every hour and think of the ways of having a good time in the best way possible for me. I prefer to spend my free time with the people whose company I always enjoy. I also like to spend my spare time alone, when I’m tired and haven’t got any desire to talk to anybody, very often I want to get away from noisy streets and go to the countryside and change the scenery. On the other hand I may go to different entertainment centers such as disco clubs, art centers including cinema, theatre, concerts halls, etc. There are people who want to broaden and enrich their knowledge during their free time. I’m among them; I go to the library or reading-hall where I can find a lot of books written by my favourite writers and poets. I must add that I never have enough time to enjoy reading and more often read a book or a magazine late in the evening. Or I can go to the museums and picture galleries where I can see the works of well-known painters and sculptors of all times. I don’t forget the computer – my greatest helper in searching for knowledge. If you want to be strong and healthy, go in for sports. There are many sports clubs, swimming-pools, gymnasiums and sport grounds for everybody who loves sports. Sport will make you not only healthier and stronger, but kinder, more sociable, cheerful and even wiser. Sport will give you its strength and energy and you’ll become a greater admirer of life with all its problems and wonders. (As for me I ...) Moreover, there are a lot of people, who prefer less energetic activities, such as chess, cards, crosswords. And don’t forget about hobbies. You should have at least one, it’ll help you to relax, dream and enjoy lifer. There are so many hobbies to choose: painting, computer programming, photography, fishing, gardening, cooking, walking, learning languages, collecting something and what not. It’s a pleasure to see lots of things made with your own hands, to look through a large collection of old and rare coins, books or stamps, to present your friends with the pictures and drawings created by yourself, to amuse everyone with your green winter garden at home. So, look around more carefully and you’ll find your own and the only one (or even more). Hobbies give people moments of pride and excitement but take a lot of time, energy and even money. Tastes differ and if you have chosen a hobby according to your character and taste you are lucky. (So my hobby is ...) Travelling is also a good way to spend my spare time. Visiting new places, seeing sights and meeting new people is a very exciting and useful relaxation. I can go hiking. In summer I like to be outdoors from morning till night, sunbathing, walking barefoot on the grass. My family or my friends are the very people to go with to the riverbank, to the forest or to the seashore. It's really wonderful to put up a tent, make a fire and spend time in a picturesque place. People are dreamers, our dreams are different but each person chooses his own way of spending free time, either passive or active. In any case leisure should be refreshment and a source of inspiration.
Kazakhstan is one of the oil producing countries of the world. Oil began to mine in Kazakhstan in the late XIX century, much earlier than in Iran, Kuwait, Mexico, Norway, Saudi Arabia.
The first high probability of being in the region of recoverable oil have noted the Russian military, explorers and scientists.
Information on the oil content of Kazakh land are found, for example, in the writings of A. Bekovich-Cherkassy, directed by Peter I of Astrakhan to Khiva. This expedition in 1717 crossed the territory of Atyrau region and raised the general geographical and hydrogeological data on the area, including information on oil. Ural-Emba district during the XVIII and XIX centuries, the first half of the researchers visited: Lepikhin I. (1771), P. Rychkov (1772), P. Pallas (1775), S. Gmelin (1783), and others. In his notes, they led hydrographic and topographic information and the summary geological information on mineral resources. In the second half of the XIX century has begun and geological research, the scientists describe the known deposit and give the characteristic climatic features of the area.
The main difficulty they saw in extremely difficult climatic conditions, lack of communications, freshwater, human settlements. Nevertheless, this has not stopped enterprising people willing to invest in a profitable business.
Start of development of Emba oil fields due to the small Russian business activities. Thus, the lawyer of the Sol-Iletsk Yuri Lebedev, pay attention to the oil exits near the tract Karachungul, in 1892, he made his first bid for oil exploration. However, fast exhausting its own funds, he sold his bid retired Guard shtabskapitanu Lehman for 26 thousand rubles, which established the first office on the Emba Oilfield Co. and Lehman (1898-1909 gg.).
The company received the exclusive right to the production of research and intelligence minerals in six townships Guryev and Kalmykovskogo counties Ural region for three years. The concession covered an enormous area of 24 thousand sq. M. miles. 13-18 November 1899 at the field in the South Emba Karachungul hit the first gas-oil blowout, the emission of about 25 thousand tons of light oil. Thus began the development of oil resources in Kazakhstan. ПЕРЕВОД:Казахстан является одной из нефтедобывающих стран мира. Нефть в Казахстане начали добывать ещё в конце XIX века, намного раньше чем в Иране, Кувейте, Мексике, Норвегии, Саудовской Аравии.
Первыми высокую вероятность нахождения в этом регионе промышленных запасов нефти отметили российские военные, путешественники и ученые.
Сведения о нефтеносности казахской земли встречаются, например, в записках А. Бековича-Черкасского, направленного по указу Петра I из Астрахани в Хиву. Эта экспедиция в 1717 году пересекла территорию Атырауской области и собрала общие географические и гидрогеологические данные об этой местности, включая сведения о нефти. Урало-Эмбинский район в течение XVIII и первой половины XIX веков посетили исследователи: И. Лепихин (1771), П. Рычков (1772), П. Паллас (1775), С. Гмелин (1783) и другие. В своих записках они привели гидрографические и топографические сведения, а также краткие геологические данные о полезных ископаемых. Во второй половине XIX века уже началось и геологическое исследование, ученые описали уже известные месторождения и дали характеристику природно-климатическим особенностям района.
Главную сложность они увидели в чрезвычайно трудных природно-климатических условиях, отсутствии путей сообщения, пресной воды, населенных пунктов. Тем не менее это не остановило предприимчивых людей, готовых вложить деньги в прибыльное дело.
Начало разработки нефтяных промыслов Эмбы связано с деятельностью мелких российских предпринимателей. Так, адвокат из Соль-Илецка Юрий Лебедев, обративший внимание на выходы нефти близ урочища Карачунгул, в 1892 г. сделал первую заявку на разведку нефти. Однако, быстро истощив собственные средства, он продал свои заявки отставному гвардии штабскапитану Леману за 26 тысяч рублей, который и основал первую на Эмбе нефтепромысловую контору Леман и Ко (1898-1909 гг.).
Компания получила исключительное право производства изысканий и разведок полезных ископаемых в шести волостях Гурьевского и Калмыковского уездов Уральской области на три года. Концессия охватила громадную территорию в 24 тыс. кв. верст. 13-18 ноября 1899 г. на месторождении Карачунгул в Южной Эмбе ударил первый газонефтяной фонтан, выбросивший около 25 тысяч тонн легкой нефти. Так началось освоение нефтяных богатств Казахстана.
