1. Обычное, постоянное действие, происходящее вообще, а не в данный момент. He goes to school. Yes, I speak French.
2. Нынешнее состояние. I am thirsty.
3. Вечные истины. Two by two makes four. The sun sets in the West.
4. События в момент речи с глаголами чувств, восприятий, состояния души или вещей. See, hear, recognise, want, know, understand, include belong, need. Do you understand? I don’t hear you.
5. Будущие события в придаточных предложениях. I will tell him when he comes. I don’t care what he says or what he does. Who comes first will get a prize. I will love you whatever happens. Next time I will do as you say. If, unless, provided that, until, till, as soon as, before, when…
6. Будущие события с глаголами движения и расписания. The match starts at five. The ship sails tomorrow.
7. Действия в настоящий момент в комментариях. Ronaldo shoots and it’s a goal! We mix the sauce and pour it onto the pan.
8. Наравне с будущим временем для описания будущих событий в предложениях, начинающихся с выражений типа. I hope you do well. I assume she doesn’t come.
9. Будущие события при уверенности, что они наступят. Tomorrow is Sunday. He retires next month.
10. Хронология событий. In 1957 the USSR launches its first satellite. Two years later he finishes his research.
11. Приказы, команды. Stop it! Come on!
12. Восклицательные предложения. Here he comes! There goes the bus!
события для оживления повествования. And then Mike comes up to me and slaps me on the back as if we were friends.
14. Заголовки газет и новостей. Princess Diana dies in a car crash. Dollar falls.
15. Предшествующие события с глаголами речи и восприятия. I hear you are going to move. I forget your name.
The present continuous tense usage.
1. Действие в данный момент времени. Кроме глаголов не действия: чувств - like, love, prefer, hate; восприятий - feel, understand, agree, know, seem, sound, taste; состояния души - want, wish, need, состояния вещей - belong, contain, include, possess, owe, own.
2. Действие в текущем отрезке времени. He is learning French this year.
3. Будущие запланированные действия. I am buying a computer tomorrow.
4. При уверенности, что действие должно произойти в будущем. The ship is sailing at 5 o’clock tomorrow.
5. Процесс в придаточных предложениях. If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up.
6. Критически воспринимаемые постоянные действия. He is always getting into trouble.
7. Выражение be going to.
a) Собираться, намереваться. I am going to buy a new car.
b) Похоже, что. It is going to rain.
c) Может произойти. You are going to be fined.
d) Предстоит. He is going to receive a Nobel prize.
The present perfect tense usage.
1. События, произошедшие или не произошедшие к данному моменту. Результат. I have left my shopping bag behind.
2. Состояние, длящееся до настоящего момента. I have lived I Paris for ten years.
3. Обычное действие или привычка, существовавшие до сих пор. I have never worn long skirts.
4. Несколько событий, произошедших на данный момент. I have been to Moscow three times.
5. Состояние с указанием длительности с глаголами, не использующимися в продолженной форме. I have known him for two years.
6. События, которые состоятся к будущему моменту, в дополнительных предложениях. I will give you the book when I have read it.
7. С вопросительными словами how many/how much в предложениях, где не указано время события. How many pages have you read?
8. Для подчёркивания недавности произошедшего события. I have just broken a cup.
What would I do if I could change the world? It's an interesting question. The first thing I would do if I could change the world is distribute money evenly to all the countries so no one would be in poverty. I would ban cigarettes but do it in a way that nobody will get angry or sad.The thing I would do to change the world is to give everyone a house and an education or occupation. I would also put a cheap supermarket near every village or city.I am already living my dream, doing what I would do if I could change the world. And if I don’t succeed in changing the world, I know that I have changed my own world. I have become the man of my dreams.
The first signs of iron use come from Ancient Egypt, where around 4000BC small items. About 6% of meteorites are composed of an iron-nickel alloy.Meteoric iron was also fashioned into tools in North America. Beginning around the year 1000, the people of Greenland began making harpoons. These artifacts were also used as trade goods with other Arctic peoples: tools made from the Cape York
The oldest known samples of iron that appear to have been smelted from iron oxides. Some iron oxides are effective fluxes for copper smelting; it is possible. In Anatolia, smelted iron was occasionally used for ornamental weapons.
Then, between 1200 BC and 1000 BC, iron tools and weapons displaced bronze ones throughout the near east. This process appears to have begun in the Hittite Empire around 1300 BC. Iron smelting at this time was based on the bloomery, a furnace where bellows were used to force air through iron ore and burning charcoal. The carbon monoxide produced by the charcoal reduced the iron oxides to metallic iron,The bloom then had to be reheated to soften the iron and melt the slag, and then repeatedly beaten and folded to force the molten slag out of it.
The result of this time-consuming and laborious process was wrought iron, a malleable but soft alloy containing little carbon. . By the beginning of the Iron Age, smiths had discovered iron.
The present simple tense usage.
1. Обычное, постоянное действие, происходящее вообще, а не в данный момент. He goes to school. Yes, I speak French.
2. Нынешнее состояние. I am thirsty.
3. Вечные истины. Two by two makes four. The sun sets in the West.
4. События в момент речи с глаголами чувств, восприятий, состояния души или вещей. See, hear, recognise, want, know, understand, include belong, need. Do you understand? I don’t hear you.
5. Будущие события в придаточных предложениях. I will tell him when he comes. I don’t care what he says or what he does. Who comes first will get a prize. I will love you whatever happens. Next time I will do as you say. If, unless, provided that, until, till, as soon as, before, when…
6. Будущие события с глаголами движения и расписания. The match starts at five. The ship sails tomorrow.
7. Действия в настоящий момент в комментариях. Ronaldo shoots and it’s a goal! We mix the sauce and pour it onto the pan.
8. Наравне с будущим временем для описания будущих событий в предложениях, начинающихся с выражений типа. I hope you do well. I assume she doesn’t come.
9. Будущие события при уверенности, что они наступят. Tomorrow is Sunday. He retires next month.
10. Хронология событий. In 1957 the USSR launches its first satellite. Two years later he finishes his research.
11. Приказы, команды. Stop it! Come on!
12. Восклицательные предложения. Here he comes! There goes the bus!
события для оживления повествования. And then Mike comes up to me and slaps me on the back as if we were friends.
14. Заголовки газет и новостей. Princess Diana dies in a car crash. Dollar falls.
15. Предшествующие события с глаголами речи и восприятия. I hear you are going to move. I forget your name.
The present continuous tense usage.
1. Действие в данный момент времени. Кроме глаголов не действия: чувств - like, love, prefer, hate; восприятий - feel, understand, agree, know, seem, sound, taste; состояния души - want, wish, need, состояния вещей - belong, contain, include, possess, owe, own.
2. Действие в текущем отрезке времени. He is learning French this year.
3. Будущие запланированные действия. I am buying a computer tomorrow.
4. При уверенности, что действие должно произойти в будущем. The ship is sailing at 5 o’clock tomorrow.
5. Процесс в придаточных предложениях. If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up.
6. Критически воспринимаемые постоянные действия. He is always getting into trouble.
7. Выражение be going to.
a) Собираться, намереваться. I am going to buy a new car.
b) Похоже, что. It is going to rain.
c) Может произойти. You are going to be fined.
d) Предстоит. He is going to receive a Nobel prize.
The present perfect tense usage.
1. События, произошедшие или не произошедшие к данному моменту. Результат. I have left my shopping bag behind.
2. Состояние, длящееся до настоящего момента. I have lived I Paris for ten years.
3. Обычное действие или привычка, существовавшие до сих пор. I have never worn long skirts.
4. Несколько событий, произошедших на данный момент. I have been to Moscow three times.
5. Состояние с указанием длительности с глаголами, не использующимися в продолженной форме. I have known him for two years.
6. События, которые состоятся к будущему моменту, в дополнительных предложениях. I will give you the book when I have read it.
7. С вопросительными словами how many/how much в предложениях, где не указано время события. How many pages have you read?
8. Для подчёркивания недавности произошедшего события. I have just broken a cup.