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Social Etiquette in Russia
Russians are very warm and hospitable people. They enjoy meeting new people and like to invite people to their homes for food and conversation. But there are a few things you should remember when you go to Russia.
When you meet a Russian person for the first time, you should shake hands with him/her. Be careful - some people have a very strong grip! Try to smile as you introduce yourself. When you greet people you know well, you should kiss them on both cheeks to say hello and goodbye. When talking to people in Russia, some topics are 'safer' than others. Suitable topics for small talk are TV programmes, pets, family or you can complain about public transport or the weather. But you should avoid talking about politics or Russian history, or you might miss the last bus/tram home!
When you visit Russian people in their homes, it is fine to arrive five or ten minutes late - do not arrive early as your host might not be ready to receive you! It is good manners to take some flowers with you, or a little gift to show your appreciation. Do not be surprised when your host asks you to take off your shoes at the door and hands you a pair of slippers to wear - make yourself comfortable and feel at home! And be prepared to eat a lot of food! The guest always gets more than anyone else!
The Flag of Scotland is a Saint Andrew's cross, the style of cross on which Scotland's patron saint - Saint Andrew - was crucified.
Supposedly, the blue and white originate from a medieval battle between the Scots and Picts, and Germanic settlers. During this battle, a cloud formation in the shape of an X appeared in the sky, seemingly a divine sign presumably from the patron saint himself. It rallied the Scots and Picts against the settlers and led to their victory.
The flag was later officially adopted under William the Lion in the year 1180.
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Scottish towns look very different from English towns. Some words about Edinburgh. Edinburgh, capital of Scotland, is one of Britain’s most attractive cities. It’s a city for people who like to walk.
You are never far from green parks, gardens and hills - even in the main shopping streets. It’s a busy modern city, but its history is everywhere. At the top of the highest hill is located Edinburgh Castle. It was the home of Scotland’s royal family until 1603 when King James the 6th of Scotland became the king of England and moved to London. The road which begins at the castle and goes eastwards is called Royal Mile. At the other end of the Royal Mile is the Palace of Hollyroodhouse.
It was built by the Scottish king before Scotland and England were united to make Great Britain. Now it is a second home for the Queen or her children, who usually visit Edinburgh in the summer. When the royal family is not there you can visit the palace and see a lot of interesting things. There are nine hills in Edinburgh. They are long-dead volcanoes. From the tops of them you can see two bridges : the modern road bridges an the old rail bridges which has carried trains to the Highlands for more than a hundred years. The highlands of Scotland is mountainous and wild.
In the winter it’s white with snow but in the summer it becomes purple. Highlands are famous for the Scottish Olympics or the Highland games (it’s real name). These games are not only sporting competitions: music and different traditional games are very important too. While athletes throw the hammer at the one end of the arena, you can watch a dancing competition at the other end.
There is also a game for the strongest athletes - tossing the caber, which weights 60 kilos and is six metres long. These games are very popular in Highlands. Usually between the mountains are rivers and lakes. Scottish people like fishing very much, that’s why they say that Scottish rivers are good for two : fishing is one, the other is Scotch whisky. Whisky is made from water and barley. The method hasn’t changed for hundreds years. Scotch whisky is the best one. Scotland is also famous for it’s kilt, the most important part of national dress and bagpipes - the national instrument. I think that Scotland is a very beautiful country and if you visit it you shall never forget it.