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Объяснение:
In animals, the reproductive systems of representatives of different sexes of the same species are often very different (in contrast to other organ systems, which differ little in representatives of different sexes). These differences lead to the creation of new combinations of genetic material, which can lead to greater fitness of the offspring [1]. Some substances (hormones and pheromones) also play an important role in the reproductive system of animals [2]. The functioning of the reproductive system is regulated by the endocrine system of the body, which sets biological rhythms that are cyclical in nature with cycles of different periodization in different biological species. The end of the maturation of the reproductive system is chronologically timed to the maximum physical development of the individual.
In most vertebrates, the reproductive system has a similar structure plan: the gonads (gonads) - excretory ducts (vas deferens and oviducts) - external genital organs [3].
In one part of vertebrates - birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles - all or most of the maturation of the embryo occurs in the external environment, where the fertilized egg (egg, egg) gets. In this case, fertilization of an egg by a male can occur both inside the body of a female (in birds and reptiles), and in the external environment (in fish).
The organs of the human reproductive system are a special case of the reproductive system of placental mammals. They include both the gonads (testes (testes) in men and the ovaries in women), which produce germ cells, and the organs that carry these cells into the contact zone during copulation - the man's penis and woman's vagina, as well as the uterus, where it forms and matures embryo, fetus. Through the vagina, male reproductive cells enter the woman's reproductive system for fertilization, and through it the child is born. Diseases of the human reproductive system include congenital developmental disorders, including differentiation, as well as trauma and inflammation, including infectious
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