Question

Use the Past Indefinite or the Future in the Past instead of the
infinitives in brackets. Use the Passive Voice where necessary:
1. The girl (to think) that if she (not to sell) the flowers she
(not to be) able to buy bread. 2. He (to know) she (to feel) quite
differently about it in the morning. 3. The old captain (to be)
happy to be back and (to boast) he (to live) another twenty years.
4. At lunch Mariette (to tell) him with pride that this evening the
cinema (tobe) open. 5. Soon everything (toarrange) for the trip
and the family (to start) for the railway station. 6. We (not to
know) where the new bridge (to build) that summer. 7. Why they
(to keep) it from him? — They (to be) afraid he (to be) upset if he
(to learn) the truth. 8. The old theatre in our native town (to
reconstruct) last year. 9. That evening, at dinner she (to tell) me
that when Roger (to come) we must show him the letter. 10. The
dinner (to leave) on the table untouched. 11. He (to walk) about
three hours and he (to see) a little village lost in snow. 12. Peter
(to promise) to call on me before he (to leave) Kyiv. 13. He (to
ask) me to accompany him when he (to go) sightseeing. 14. She
(to say) they (to be) glad to see Mr. Eliot at any time, and she (to
know) her husband (to be). 15. When I (to wake) next morning I
(to decide) that I (to visit) him as soon as his doctor (to allow)
me. 16. They (to have) to stay there until Jill (to return) from
Paris. 17. Then she came to New York where she (to remain) two
years. 18. I (to have) no idea when he (to be) able to come. 19. I
(to say) I (to try) to speak to her if I (to have) a chance. 20. The
examiner (to tell) me not to come again until I (to be prepared)
well.

Answer 1

1. The girl thought that if she didn't sell the flowers, she wouldn't be able to buy bread. Explanation: In this sentence, we choose to use the Past Indefinite tense ("didn't sell) instead of the infinitive "not to sell" to describe a past action. The verb "to think" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 2. He knew she felt quite differently about it in the morning. Explanation: Here, we also use the Past Indefinite tense ("felt") instead of the infinitive "to feel" to describe a past action. The verb "to know" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 3. The old captain was happy to be back and boasted that he would live another twenty years. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("was happy"), followed by the infinitive "to be" in the Passive Voice ("to be back") to describe a past action. Additionally, we use the Future in the Past ("would live") instead of the infinitive "to live" to express a future action from the perspective of the past. 4. At lunch Mariette told him with pride that the cinema would be open that evening. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("told") followed by the infinitive "to be" in the Passive Voice ("would be open") to describe a past action. The verb "to tell" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 5. Soon everything was arranged for the trip and the family started for the railway station. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("was arranged" and "started") instead of the infinitives "to arrange" and "to start" to describe past actions. The verb "to be" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 6. We didn't know where the new bridge was being built that summer. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("didn't know") followed by the passive infinitive "to be built" to describe a past action in the passive voice. The verb "to know" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 7. Why were they keeping it from him? They were afraid he would be upset if he learned the truth. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("were keeping" and "learned") instead of the infinitives "to keep" and "to learn" to describe past actions. The verb "to be" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 8. The old theatre in our native town was reconstructed last year. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("was reconstructed") to describe a past action in the passive voice. The verb "to reconstruct" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 9. That evening, at dinner, she told me that when Roger came, we must show him the letter. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("told" and "came") instead of the infinitives "to tell" and "to come" to describe past actions. The verb "to tell" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 10. The dinner was left on the table untouched. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("was left") to describe a past action in the passive voice. The infinitive "to leave" is used in the passive voice to describe the state of the dinner. 11. He walked about three hours, and he saw a little village lost in snow. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("walked" and "saw") instead of the infinitives "to walk" and "to see" to describe past actions. The verbs "to walk" and "to see" are in the Past Indefinite tense because they happened in the past. 12. Peter promised to call on me before he left Kyiv. Explanation: Here, we use the infinitive "to call" to describe a future action. The verb "to promise" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 13. He asked me to accompany him when he went sightseeing. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the infinitive "to accompany" to describe a future action in the past. The verb "to ask" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past. 14. She said they would be glad to see Mr. Eliot at any time, and she knew her husband would be. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("said" and "knew") instead of the infinitives "to say" and "to know" to describe past actions. The verbs "to be" and "to know" are in the Past Indefinite tense because they happened in the past. Additionally, we use the Future in the Past ("would be glad") instead of the infinitive "to be glad" to express a future action from the perspective of the past. 15. When I woke up the next morning, I decided that I would visit him as soon as his doctor allowed me. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("woke up" and "decided") instead of the infinitives "to wake" and "to decide" to describe past actions. The verbs "to visit" and "to allow" are in the Future in the Past ("would visit" and "would allow") to express future actions from the perspective of the past. 16. They had to stay there until Jill returned from Paris. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("had to stay" and "returned") instead of the infinitives "to have to stay" and "to return" to describe past actions. The verbs "to stay" and "to return" are in the Past Indefinite tense because they happened in the past. 17. Then she came to New York where she remained for two years. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("came" and "remained") instead of the infinitives "to come" and "to remain" to describe past actions. The verbs "to come" and "to remain" are in the Past Indefinite tense because they happened in the past. 18. I had no idea when he would be able to come. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("had") followed by the Future in the Past ("would be able to come") instead of the infinitive "to be able to come" to express a future action from the perspective of the past. 19. I said I would try to speak to her if I had a chance. Explanation: In this sentence, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("said" and "had") followed by the Future in the Past ("would try") instead of the infinitives "to say," "to have," and "to try" to describe past and future actions. The verb "to try" is in the Future in the Past because it expresses a future action from the perspective of the past. 20. The examiner told me not to come again until I was well prepared. Explanation: Here, we use the Past Indefinite tense ("told" and "was") instead of the infinitives "to tell" and "to be" to describe past actions. The verb "to be" is in the Past Indefinite tense because it happened in the past.