Explanation: In this sentence, we use the to-infinitive form of the verb "phone" after the verb "promised." When someone promises to do something, we use the to-infinitive form to indicate the action that will be performed in the future.
2. Tom admitted stealing a CD from the shop.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the -ing form of the verb "steal" after the verb "admitted." When someone admits to doing something, we use the -ing form to indicate the action that has already been done.
3. Sue enjoys shopping in town.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the -ing form of the verb "shop" after the verb "enjoys." When we talk about activities that someone enjoys, we use the -ing form of the verb.
4. Mum offered to give me a lift to the shops.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the to-infinitive form of the verb "give" after the verb "offered." When someone offers to do something for someone else, we use the to-infinitive form to indicate the action that will be done in the future.
In summary, the to-infinitive form is used after verbs like promise and offer when referring to future actions, while the -ing form is used after verbs like admit and enjoy when referring to actions that have already happened or are currently happening.
1. She has been to Paris. I think she’s working there for a few months.
This sentence describes an action that happened in the past (she went to Paris), but the focus is on the present result of that action (she is currently working there). We use the present perfect tense to connect the past action with the present situation.
2. We have been there many times.
This sentence describes an action that happened in the past (we went there), but the focus is on the present experience of having been there multiple times. Again, we use the present perfect tense to connect the past actions with the present experience.
3. They have been on vacation. They should return next week.
This sentence describes an action that started in the past (they went on vacation) and is still ongoing, as they are expected to return next week. We use the present perfect tense to indicate an action that started in the past and is either still happening or has just finished.
4. You look tanned! Have you been on holiday?
This sentence describes a result in the present (you look tanned), and we use the present perfect tense to connect it to a past action of going on holiday.
5. She’s not home right now. She has been shopping.
This sentence describes an action that started in the past (she went shopping) and is still ongoing, explaining her absence from home at the present moment. We use the present perfect tense to indicate an action that started in the past and is either still happening or has just finished.
6. He knows the city well. He has been there many times.
This sentence emphasizes the present result of his past actions of going to the city multiple times. We use the present perfect tense to connect the past actions with the present result.
7. She’s not here. She has gone to the dentist.
This sentence describes an action that started in the past (she went to the dentist) and is still ongoing, as she is not present. We use the present perfect tense to indicate an action that started in the past and is either still happening or has just finished.
8. They have gone to the cinema. They won’t be back until later.
This sentence describes an action that started in the past (they went to the cinema) and is still ongoing, as they are not yet back. We use the present perfect tense to indicate an action that started in the past and is either still happening or has just finished.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the to-infinitive form of the verb "phone" after the verb "promised." When someone promises to do something, we use the to-infinitive form to indicate the action that will be performed in the future.
2. Tom admitted stealing a CD from the shop.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the -ing form of the verb "steal" after the verb "admitted." When someone admits to doing something, we use the -ing form to indicate the action that has already been done.
3. Sue enjoys shopping in town.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the -ing form of the verb "shop" after the verb "enjoys." When we talk about activities that someone enjoys, we use the -ing form of the verb.
4. Mum offered to give me a lift to the shops.
Explanation: In this sentence, we use the to-infinitive form of the verb "give" after the verb "offered." When someone offers to do something for someone else, we use the to-infinitive form to indicate the action that will be done in the future.
In summary, the to-infinitive form is used after verbs like promise and offer when referring to future actions, while the -ing form is used after verbs like admit and enjoy when referring to actions that have already happened or are currently happening.