1-were
2-decided
3-to visit
4-to find
5-to eat
6-could
7-get
8-had to
9-cross
10-knew
11-was living
12-had never seen
13-knew
14-liked
15-fighting
16-meet
17-will fight
18-approched
19-was sitting
20-having
21-heard
22-coming
23-Where are you going?
24-Who are you?
25-was crossing
26-became
27-didn't want
28-to eat
29-said
30-was
31-promised
32-would see
33-were
34-let
35-to cross
36-was asked
37-to cross
38-was allowed
39-thought
40-was
41-I have been living
42-I have never had
43-has fought
44-won
45-was asked
46-not to move
47-was coming
48-gave
49-won't know
50-I have never seen
51-do
52-be careful
53-I will kill you
54-fell
55-nobody had never seen him again
1. What is a computer? Что такое компьютер?
A computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits that operate switches or magnetize tiny metal cores.
2. Каковы два возможных состояния переключателей?
The switches, like the cores, are capable of being in one or two possible states, that is, on or off; magnetized or demagnetized.
3. Каковы основные функции компьютера?
The machine is capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters, and characters (symbols).
4. Каким образом мы можем сделать с компьютером то, что мы хотим?
The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the machine do what we want by inputting signals that turn certain switches on and turn others off, or magnetize or do not magnetize the cores.
5. Какова основная задача компьютера?
The basic job of computers is processing of information.
6. В какой форме компьютер принимает информацию?
Computers can be defined as devices which accept information in the form of instructions, called a program, and characters, called data, perform mathematical and / or logical operations on the information, and then supply results of these operations.
7. Что такое программа? Information in the form of instructions is called a program.
8. Что такое data? Information in the form of characters is called data.
9. Что такое память?
The program, or part of it, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.
10. Какие три основные возможности имеют компьютеры?
Most computers, whether large or small, have three basic capabilities: first, computers have circuits for performing arithmetic operations, such as: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and exponentiation. Second, computers have a means of communicating with the user.
Third, inputting information using terminals, diskettes, disks and magnetic tapes.
11. Каковы ввода информации в компьютер? The computer's input device is a disk drive (or tape drive).
12. Какова функция ввода устройства? It reads the information into the computer.
13. Какие устройства используются для вывода информации? For outputting information two common devices used are: a printer, printing the new information on paper, and a cathode-ray-tube display, which shows the results on a tv-like screen. Third, computers have circuits which can make decisions.
14. Какие решения может принимать компьютер?
The kinds of decisions which computer circuits can make are three things, namely: is one number less than another? are two numbers equal? and, is one number greater than another? A computer can solve a series of problems and make thousands of logical decisions without becoming tired.
15. Чем достижения компьютера ограничены?A computer can replace people in dull, routine tasks, but it works according to the instructions given to it. Its achievements are limited by the minds of human beings. A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it the necessary information
Once upon a time there were three Billy Goats Gruff. One day they decided to visit their favorite hill. "I expect you to find something good to eat there," said the elder goat. Before they could get to the hill they had to cross a bridge. They knew that a mean ugly troll lived under the bridge but they had never seen him before. They also (knew)13 that the troll (liked to fight)15. "If we (meet)16 the troll, I (will fight)17 with him," said the younger goat.
While the three goats (approached)18 the river the troll (was sitting)19 in the water (having)20 a wonderful time. Soon he (heard)21 the goats (come или coming)22 onto the bridge. "Where are you going?" asked the troll. "Who are you 24?" The first goat who (was crossing)25 the river was the younger brother and he (became)26 afraid. He (did not want)27 the troll (to eat)28 him. So he (said)29 that he (was)30 small and thin. He (promised)31 the troll that the latter soon (would see)32 his bigger brothers who were)33 more dilicious. So the troll (let)34 the small goat (to cross)35 the bridge. The troll (was asked)36 to let the middle brother (to cross)37 the bridge and he (was allowed)38 that as he (thought)39 that the elder goat (was)40 the fattest. "I (have been living)41 under the bridge for many years but I have never had)42 such a delicious meal," said the troll. But the elder goat was big and fat and strong. He (had fought)43 and (won)44 many battles. When he (was asked)45 (not to move)46 he (came)47 closer to the troll and (gave)48 him a big push. "I (won't know)49 if I have never seen)50 you again, Troll, but if I (do)51, (be)52 careful or I (will kill)53 you." The troll (fell)54 into the river and nobody had never (seen)55 him again