The first underground system was proposed by Charles Pearson in 1843. Twenty years later the first line of the London Underground was opened for traffic. In the early days, the trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling the tunnels with smoke. It is said that the train staff and porters asked for a permission to grow beards and moustaches – as an early form of smog mask. The tunnels of the first underground were made as small as possible in order to reduce the construction costs. According to Pearson’s project, all lines were laid down close to the ground surface. The first escalator was also installed in theLondon Underground in 1911. The railways were prepared for any emergency that might occur. To minimize the danger of flooding the underground near the Thames, isolating doors were built in the tunnels. All the trains were equipped with special reduced lighting for using on open sections of track.
How are you? I am in the capital of England - in London. My parents and I have always dreamed of visiting this beautiful city.
There are many beautiful old buildings. We have already visited Westminster Abbey, Big Ben (now called Elizabeth Tower), the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, the Cathedral of St. Paul's Cathedral, London Bridge, the Tower of London and the wax museum Madame Tussauds. In this museum there are figures of famous people from pop stars to prime ministers, made of wax. They look like the real thing. It's so interesting.
My parents and I walk now for Trafalgar Square. At its center is Nelson's Column, which is at the base of the statue is guarded by four lions. By the way, I sent you this postcard with a picture of Trafalgar Square.
The weather today is not very foggy and rainy. But it does not spoil our walk.
We made a lot of pictures. Next week we'll be home and I'll show you them.
Do not miss the opportunity to visit England and London.
wise, clever, hungry
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