Multiple Intelligences
People have always wondered why some individuals easily solve complex mathematical problems or write essays, poems, or compose music, while others try their best, but the result is poor. Why some people can paint a beautiful landscape or portrait, but they cannot solve a problem in physics.
In 1983-1986 Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner created the theory of multiple intelligences. It became an alternative to the classical view of the nature of intelligence as an individual’s ability to think logically.
Gardner believes that people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many kinds of intelligence, including musical, interpersonal, spatial-visual, and linguistic intelligences. The psychologist characterizes intelligence not as a certain device that a person has in the head, but as a potential that allows the person to use all his or her abilities in a certain situation. Gardner has identified eight intelligences, and has suggested the possible addition of a ninth known as “existentialist intelligence”.
Gardner’s theory has received a lot of criticism. Despite this, many educators use multiple intelligences in their teaching and integrate Gardner’s theory into the classroom. These educators know: it is wrong to think that schoolchildren with a propensity for exact sciences are clever, and those who get on with other children easily are chatterboxes and idlers.
Learning about the multiple intelligences can help us better understand our strengths and choose hobbies and professions.
Перевод
A TRIAL FLIGHT
It was a beautiful sunny day - perfect (0) ..for.. what I had planned. I left home with my parents and we drove 4) ..to.. the local airport, where we (2) ..had.. booked a trial flight. It (3) ..cost.. £100 for half an hour. (4) ..When.. we turned into the entrance, I felt a mixture of emotions. On the (5) ..one.. hand, I felt confident and excited but, on the other, I felt a (6) ..little.. scared. The pilot greeted me (7) ..with.. a friendly smile and led me to a small aeroplane. I got in, and was at once reminded (8) ..of.. the time when I had had driving lessons. The plane had dual controls. The pilot briefly (9) explained the function of the (10) .most... important instruments, and then we moved on to the runway. At this point, the instructor was (!) ..at.. complete control. We sped down the runway and (12) ..took.. off. We hit a little turbulence and my immediate reaction was to reach (13) ..for.. the door handle! Then we settled down. We flew along the south coast, over land and sea, and gradually I took (14) ..control.. of the plane, changing direction and altering the speed. (15) .Under... the pilot's guidance, I managed to land the plane. It was an unbelievably excitina mynariennal
Посмотрите на картинку. Это гостиная. Вы можете увидеть желтый диван слева. На журнальном столике стоит телевизор. Журнальный столик стоит в углу. Рядом с диваном стоит торшер. На стене висит картинка. На картинке изображено сердечко. Стены розовые. Пол серый.