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HelenToys
HelenToys
19.01.2020 18:03 •  Английский язык

Exercise 3. translate into english 1) сенің анаң менің апамнан жасы үлкендеу 2) самал біздің топтағы бойы ең биік студент 3) оныншы сабақ мәтіні тоғызыншы сабақ мәтінен қиынырак 4) біздің жаңа пәтеріміз ескі пәтерімізден жайлырақ 5. астанадағы ең биік үй қайсысы ? ​

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Ответ:

1. We didn’t go to a restaurant because we had spent all our money on clothes.  

Мы не пошли в ресторан, потому что мы потратили все свои деньги на одежду.  

didn’t go – Past Simple

had spent – Past Perfect (то есть действие «потратили» было совершено раньше действие «не пошли»)

2. Larry was late because he had got stuck in a traffic jam.  

Ларри опоздал, потому что застрял в пробке.

was – Past Simple

had got – Past Perfect (то есть действие «застрял» было совершено раньше действие «опоздал»)

3. Had she washed her hands before she had lunch?  

Она вымыла руки перед обедом?

had she washed - Past Perfect

had – Past Simple

4. When I found my camera the butterfly had already flown away.

Когда я нашел свой фотоаппарат, бабочка уже улетела.  

found - Past Simple

had already flown - Past Perfect

5. My cousin had bought the tickets before we came.

Мой двоюродный брат купил билеты до того, как мы приехали.

had bought - Past Perfect

came - Past Simple

6. I was too tired because my working day had started at six.  

Я слишком устал, потому что мой рабочий день начался в шесть.

was - Past Simple

had started - Past Perfect

7. He had watched this TV programme before his parents returned home  

Он посмотрел эту телепередачу до того, как его родители вернулись домой.

had watched - Past Perfect

returned - Past Simple

8. He didn’t want to eat because he had already had lunch.

Он не хотел есть, потому что уже пообедал.

didn’t want - Past Simple

had already had - Past Perfect

Объяснение:

В Past Simple - смысловой глагол (который указан в скобке) :

в повествовательном предложении - всегда ставится во второй форме  при вопросе и отрицании - всегда ставится в первой форме без частицы to и без каких-либо окончаний , за исключением to be, потому что показателем времени является вс глагол did

Past Perfect употребляется только когда хотим подчеркнуть, что одно действие было "уже" совершено или "еще не" совершено раньше (до того) другого действия в подчеркивается результат действия.  

Смысловой глагол (который указан в скобке) всегда ставится во третьей форме после вс глагола had:

subject + had + глагол в третье форме (при повествовании)  

had + subject + глагол в третье форме? (при вопросе)  

subject + had not + глагол в третье форме (при отрицании)  

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Ответ:
Long ago the Great Patriotic War ended. It was the ruthless and bloodiest war of the twentieth century. But even now, those who remember that war, they are veterans, live among us. There are very few of them left. At a time when they were young, slightly older than us, they defended their homeland from a cruel enemy in the Soviet army.

I'm interested in the stories of veteran Leonid Ivanovich Kulikov about military service and the Great Patriotic War. Now Leonid Ivanovich is a colonel in retirement, he has the entire tunic in awards: medals and orders, people respect him. When the fascists occupied his small town in Moldova, he was 15 years old. He was captured. But I did not get to the camp, I ran away. For a long time he hid in the woods, he waited for his troops to liberate the region. And when the village was rescued from the Germans, he was taken into the army and sent to study in the tank school. Leonid Ivanovich recalls that at that time it was very difficult. They worked all day, learned to drive combat vehicles, to shoot guns that were on tanks. There was no time to rest, because the army needed good tankers. The tank's details are heavy, the physical loads were great, but there was not enough food. The cadets were constantly undernourished. But all stood firm, because it was hard for everyone at that time. And when Leonid Ivanovich finished his studies, he was sent to fight on the front line. The gunner at the best T-34 tank, he thundered the enemy along with other soldiers in Romania, Hungary. When the war was over, another ten years was a tanker, because the soldiers were not allowed to go home for a long time. The army needed to be kept strong so that soldiers and officers could protect peace in our country after the war.

Despite everything, the heavy army life of Leonid Ivanovich at that time was pleasant. It was very interesting. He traveled all over the country, he had many friends! And the young tankman decided to continue studying. He became an officer, commander of a tank unit.

Now Leonid Ivanovich eighty-seven years. Thanks to him, his comrades and all the veterans for the fact that we have peace now.
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