II. Nowadays noise is becoming a major pollutant. We are chronically subjected to noise which usually varies between 35 and 60 decibels. (Option 3) are chronically subjected)
Explanation: The sentence talks about the current situation where noise pollution is a major problem. The word "chronically" suggests that this is a long-term or continuous issue. Since the sentence is in the present tense and refers to an ongoing problem, the correct verb form to use would be "are chronically subjected." This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
12. Today grave concern is expressed about the pollution of water, air, and soil. (Option 2) is expressed)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about a current situation where there is a general expression of concern about pollution. The verb "is expressed" is in the present tense and matches the tense of the sentence. The use of "is expressed" indicates that this concern is happening now.
13. Ecological problems are being given much attention lately. (Option 3) are being given)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about a recent trend where ecological problems are receiving a lot of attention. The phrase "are being given" suggests an ongoing action or process, indicating that attention is continuously being given to these problems. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
14. Environmental research centers are equipped with up-to-date devices. (Option 4) are equipped)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about the current state or condition of environmental research centers. The phrase "are equipped" suggests that these centers currently have up-to-date devices. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
15. The International Forum "Education for Sustainable Development" is reported to be held in May. (Option 1) is reported)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about information that has been reported or shared about the International Forum. The use of "is reported" suggests that this information is currently circulating or being communicated. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
16. An exhibition entitled "Oxford University Press-A Journey of Five Centuries" has been organized by Oxford University Press. (Option 2) has been organized)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about a past action that is relevant to the current situation. The phrase "has been organized" indicates that the exhibition was organized in the past and is still relevant in the present. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
17. Along with rare books, the latest scientific editions are being shown at the exhibition. (Option 1) are being shown)
Explanation: The sentence is talking about an ongoing action or process at the exhibition. The phrase "are being shown" suggests that the showing of the latest scientific editions is happening continuously or currently. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
18. The chairman emphasized that Oxford University Press is considered to be the greatest and oldest University publishing house in the world. (Option 4) is considered)
Explanation: The sentence is stating a general fact or belief about Oxford University Press. The use of "is considered" suggests that this belief or perception exists currently. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
19. He told me that he was offered a well-paid job at a publishing house. (Option 3) was offered)
Explanation: The sentence is reporting something that was said in the past. The verb form "was offered" matches the past tense of the reporting verb "told." This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
20. Next year he will be given a grant to study abroad for a year. (Option 4) will be given)
Explanation: The sentence talks about a future event where someone will receive a grant. The future tense "will be given" indicates that this granting of a grant is planned or expected to happen in the future. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
21. At this very moment, the suspect is being interviewed by the police. (Option 2) is being interviewed)
Explanation: The sentence describes an action that is happening right now. The phrase "is being interviewed" suggests that the process of interviewing the suspect is currently ongoing. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
22. The government says tax reforms will be introduced in the new year. (Option 4) will be introduced)
Explanation: The sentence expresses a future action or plan. The phrase "will be introduced" indicates that the introduction of tax reforms is planned or expected to happen in the future. This option matches the tense and meaning of the sentence.
1) Charlene was the new chef in the kitchen. (Past simple tense - "was" is the past tense of "be" used to talk about a specific point in the past.)
2) She had never worked in a big restaurant before. (Past perfect tense - "had worked" is used to talk about an action completed before another past action.)
3) "I can do this!" she told herself. (Past simple tense - "told" is the past tense of "tell" used to talk about a specific point in the past.)
4) Charlene picked up a big knife and began to cut up the vegetables. (Past simple tense - "picked" and "began" are past tense verbs used to talk about specific actions in the past.)
5) While she was cutting, she was singing a little song to herself. (Past continuous tense - "was cutting" and "was singing" are used to describe ongoing actions in the past.)
6) Suddenly, Martin the head waiter stuck his head in the kitchen. (Past simple tense - "stuck" is the past tense of "stick" used to talk about a specific action in the past.)
7) "The Dubois party has arrived. Are you ready?" (Present perfect tense - "has arrived" is used to talk about an action that happened at an unspecified time before now but has an effect in the present.)
8) Charlene cried. (Past simple tense - "cried" is the past tense of "cry" used to talk about a specific point in the past.)
