Сегодня мы поговорим о финансовых терминах и понятиях, которые связаны с банковскими операциями. Дайте мне подробно объяснить каждое из них.
1. ATM или банкомат - это машина, которая выдает деньги, когда вы вставляете в нее банковскую карту. Она также может предоставлять другие услуги, такие как проверка баланса счета или оплата счетов.
2. Cashpoint или расчетный счет - это банковский счет, который вы используете, чтобы хранить и накапливать деньги. Вы можете положить деньги на этот счет и использовать их, когда вам нужно.
3. Lend money или предоставление займа - это когда вы даете кому-то деньги на определенный период времени, после чего они возвращают вам эти средства.
4. Bank charges или платежи банка - это сумма денег, которую вы должны заплатить банку за услуги, которые они предоставляют. Это может включать комиссии за обслуживание счета, переводы денег и другие банковские операции.
5. Current account или текущий счет - это банковский счет, с которого вы можете снимать деньги по вашему усмотрению. Вы можете использовать эти средства для оплаты товаров и услуг, или для снятия наличных денег.
6. Withdraw money или снять деньги - это когда вы берете деньги со своего банковского счета или снимаете наличные в банкомате.
7. Interest или проценты - это деньги, которые вы получаете от банка за хранение своих средств на счете. Или это деньги, которые вы платите банку, когда берете взаймы.
8. Bill или счет - это письменное уведомление о том, сколько денег вы должны заплатить банку за товары или услуги, которые вы получили.
9. Overdraft или овердрафт - это соглашение с вашим банком, которое позволяет вам тратить деньги, когда на вашем счете нет денег. Вы получаете возможность использовать сумму больше, чем у вас есть на счете, но при этом банк взимает плату за такую услугу.
10. Get into debt или задолжать деньги - это когда вы начинаете должать деньги кому-то или банку. Это может происходить, например, при использовании кредитных карт или несвоевременной оплате счетов.
Надеюсь, я смог вам детально объяснить каждый из этих терминов. Если у вас остались вопросы или нужно подробнее рассмотреть какой-либо аспект, пожалуйста, не стесняйтесь задать свои вопросы. Я готов помочь вам!
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "grandfather" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it.
2. There is a garden behind the house.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "garden" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "house" is also a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we don't use any article before it.
3. My brother-in-law is a writer and his wife is a doctor.
Explanation: In these sentences, the words "writer" and "doctor" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the indefinite article "a" before them.
4. These are difficult sentences.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "sentences" is a plural countable noun and it is the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The word "difficult" is an adjective modifying the noun "sentences".
5. I have a father, a mother, and a little sister.
Explanation: In this sentence, the words "father," "mother," and "sister" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the indefinite article "a" before them.
6. What's the matter with you?
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "matter" is a singular uncountable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the definite article "the" before it. The word "you" is a pronoun and we don't use any article before it.
7. We are students of the English faculty.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "students" is a plural countable noun and it is the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The words "English" and "faculty" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the definite article "the" before them.
8. There came a knock at the door.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "knock" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "door" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we don't use any article before it.
9. Benny is already in bed.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "bed" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we don't use any article before it.
10. Once there lived a brave captain.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "captain" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "brave" is an adjective modifying the noun "captain".
11. Doctor Smith is still at the hospital.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "Doctor" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "hospital" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we use the definite article "the" before it.
12. This isn't snow, this is ice.
Explanation: In this sentence, the words "snow" and "ice" are uncountable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we don't use any article before them. The word "This" is a demonstrative pronoun and we don't use any article before it.
13. She has a velvet dress.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "dress" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "velvet" is an adjective modifying the noun "dress".
14. He is a good-looking young man of 20.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "man" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The words "good-looking," "young," and "20" are adjectives modifying the noun "man".
15. There are beautiful flowers in the park.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "flowers" is a plural countable noun and it is the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The words "beautiful" and "park" are adjectives modifying the noun "flowers".
16. Is she a college graduate?
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "graduate" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "college" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we use the definite article "the" before it. The word "she" is a pronoun and we don't use any article before it.
Exercise 2. Use the proper article.
1. Come to the blackboard and write Exercise 12.
Explanation: In this sentence, the words "blackboard" and "Exercise 12" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the indefinite article "the" before them.
2. You have a spelling mistake in the word "nursery".
Explanation: In this sentence, the words "spelling mistake" and "word" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the indefinite article "a" before them. The word "nursery" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we don't use any article before it.
3. He is an old friend of mine.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "friend" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "an" before it. The word "old" is an adjective modifying the noun "friend".
4. There came a tap at the door and in another moment we saw a small girl enter the room.
Explanation: In this sentence, the words "tap" and "girl" are singular countable nouns and they are the first mentions, so we use the indefinite articles "a" before them. The word "door" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The word "room" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "the" before it. The word "small" is an adjective modifying the noun "girl".
5. He is a young artist and, I should say, rather talented.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "artist" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The words "young" and "talented" are adjectives modifying the noun "artist".
6. He gave her a cigarette and lighted it.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "cigarette" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "it" is a pronoun and we don't use any article before it.
7. I don't feel any sympathy towards this man.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "sympathy" is an uncountable noun and it is the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The word "man" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "any" is used to indicate a negative statement.
8. They are going to build a new house.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "house" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The word "new" is an adjective modifying the noun "house".
9. Are the rooms in your flat large or small?
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "rooms" is a plural countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the definite article "the" before it. The words "large" and "small" are adjectives modifying the noun "rooms". The word "flat" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we use the definite article "your" before it.
10. An hour is a long time. In an hour you can read a newspaper, or write a letter.
Explanation: In these sentences, the word "hour" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "an" before it. The words "long," "newspaper," and "letter" are adjectives modifying the noun "hour".
11. What beautiful music he is playing!
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "music" is a singular uncountable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "What" before it. The word "beautiful" is an adjective modifying the noun "music". The word "he" is a pronoun and we don't use any article before it.
12. In every remark he found a meaning but not always the true meaning.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "remark" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The words "meaning" and "true meaning" are singular countable nouns and they are not the first mentions, so we use the indefinite article "the" before them. The word "every" is used to indicate all the cases.
13. There is curiosity in her look.
Explanation: In this sentence, the word "curiosity" is an uncountable noun and it is the first mention, so we don't use any article before it. The word "look" is a singular countable noun and it is not the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "her" before it.
14. The Sandfords have a nice house. Their house isn't large but comfortable.
Explanation: In these sentences, the word "Sandfords" is a proper noun and we don't use any article before it. The word "house" is a singular countable noun and it is the first mention, so we use the indefinite article "a" before it. The words "nice" and "comfortable" are adjectives modifying the noun "house". The word "their" is a possessive pronoun and we use it to indicate that the house belongs to the Sandfords.
Exercise 3. Use the required tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
1. My little sister goes to school every day.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to go" is replaced with the present simple tense "goes" to show that it is a habitual action.
2. The sun rises in the East.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to rise" is replaced with the present simple tense "rises" to show a fixed, repeated event.
3. Bad students never work hard.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to work" is replaced with the present simple tense "work" to show a general truth or a habitual action.
4. It often snows in winter.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to snow" is replaced with the present simple tense "snows" to show a repeated event in a general sense.
5. He wakes up at seven and has breakfast at half past seven.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitives "to wake up" and "to have" are replaced with the present simple tense "wakes up" and "has" to show habitual actions.
6. The teacher points at the blackboard when he wants to explain something.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitives "to point" and "to want" are replaced with the present simple tense "points" and "wants" to show habitual actions.
7. Mother always cooks in the morning.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to cook" is replaced with the present simple tense "cooks" to show a habitual action.
8. I see what you mean.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to see" is replaced with the present simple tense "see" in order to express the action in the present.
9. She says, she hears nothing.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitives "to say" and "to hear" are replaced with the present simple tense "says" and "hears" to show present actions.
10. There is a girl downstairs who wants to see you.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitives "to be" and "to want" are replaced with the present simple tense "is" and "wants" to show present actions.
11. My friend goes there nearly every week.
Explanation: In this sentence, the infinitive "to go" is replaced with the present simple tense "goes" to show a habitual action.
business - legal, shipping, tourism
trade - advertising, building, shipping
profession - medial, teaching
industry - fashion, music