At a meeting of the Spanish king Philippe V in Madrid in 1701 of 500 court ladies were decorated in his honor with huge points tortoise frames though they had no complaints to sight. In the Moscow Russia data on points arise for the first time in the first third 17 века.только at the end of the 18th century there were points in modern option which kept on ears. Handles of points by means of hinges fastened to a frame. In the beginning they weren't bent at all for ears. Handles could fasten for a wig, or for them bound a lace. With publishing emergence points quickly won popularity among the population. Points for reading were invented in Italy in the XIII century. the founder of the first points is considered to Salvino D'Armat. Improvement of technology brought in the 18th eyelid to emergence of manufactory production of points. Quality of glasses and the frames made in such a way was low. Points became under the motto "it is more cheaper". These "industrial" points generally through vagrant dealers were on sale. The Nuremberg points with a frame from a wire were typical points of that time. The first lenses on points were round. By the end of the 18th eyelid appeared also oval, occasionally met also rectangular линзы.днако, at first people accepted the new invention watchfully. Some called points "the damned tool of a devil". And not at once in society it was unambiguous glasses wearing is apprehended. There were times when in Europe points called "the vampires exhausting eyes", and witches and devils quite often were drawn wearing spectacles. Up to the 19th century disputes on, whether are necessary points in general, didn't stop. In 17 eyelid there were first sunglasses. Usual points coated or is delicious. Tried for protection against sunshine even to grind glasses from jewels or to use pounded jewels. But such points cost much, but also at their use it was possible to receive ожег an eye. At the northern people of Nenets, Eskimos points from a snow blindness - analog solar were long since widespread. They were produced from a tree or bones of animals, had narrow cuts for eyes and were used for hunting in ices. Chinese the first made smoky points of smoky quartz. Such glasses were worn by judges to hide the relation to a sentence during its announcement at court. And at the beginning of the 20th century there were modern dark glasses when the glass which isn't passing ultra-violet radiation for the first time was used. It is interesting that used green glasses earlier, but it appeared that they, passing the brightest beams of a range, least succeed, began to use gray and blue glasses. Gray smoky glasses absorb all color beams almost equally; blue glasses most detain all yellow and orange beams. today every second inhabitant of our planet has points.
III. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний: mass media средства массовой информации, television телевидение, TV телевизор, at home дома, in faraway lands в далеких странах, sports events спортивные события, viewers зрители, . In fact фактически, entertainment programmes развлекательные программы, quiz shows развлекательные представления, feature films художественные фильмы, cartoons мультфильмы, fictional serials художественные сериалы, soap operas мыльные оперы, public stations общественные телевизионные станции, broadcast транслировать, current affairs текущие события, up an important section составляют важную часть, sell advertising time продавать рекламное время, затраты operating costs, to make a profit приносить прибыль, the stations управлять станцией, Cable television кабельное телевидение, far more намного больше, Satellite broadcasting спутниковое вещание.
IV. Найдите в тексте синонимы следующих слов: to watch-to see, to comprise- to include, major-main, to transmit – to broadcast, various-different, disadvantage- drawbacks.
V. Найдите в тексте антонимы следующих слов: the least-the most, without-with, less-more, to buy-to sell, the smallest-the largest, disadvantage-advantages.
VI. Процитируйте предложения из текста, в которых употреблены следующие слова и словосочетания: i
n faraway lands- . People with a television set can sit at home and can see and learn about people, animals, and things in faraway lands
, a steady stream, TV brings its viewers a steady stream of programmes that are designed to give information and to entertain.
soap operas The programmes include sports events, variety shows, quiz shows, feature films, cartoons, fictional serials called soap operas, etc
, current affairs News and current affairs programmes make up an important section of programmes for most public television stations.
, to make a profit, They sell advertising time to pay for their operating costs and to make a profit for the companies that run the stations.
pay a fee. Viewers pay a fee for this service
, at least. We may speak about different advantages and drawbacks of television but almost every home has at least one TVset.
VIII. Употребите нужную форму глагола to be, to have. Besides the advantages, the television has some drawbacks. To tell the truth, there are many TV programmes that have no cultural or artistic value. There are rather many films about gangsters and killers. We are so tired of them. Lately, so many advertisement clips are appeared on TV screens. But still, TV remains the main source of information, and we are spending a lot of our free time in front of our TVsets.
IX. Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы:
1. What kinds of mass media do you know? TV, Internet, radio, newspaper, books
2. Why is TV one of the important mass media? TV brings its viewers a steady stream of programmes that are designed to give information and to entertain.
3. What kinds of mass media do you prefer? TV and internet
4. How many TVsets do you have at home? 50
5. How much time a day do you watch TV? 2 hours a day
6. Do you have cable or satellite television at home? I have satellite TV
7. Do you watch educational programmes? Sometimes
8. Do you use Internet? For what? Yes. For Communicating with friends, finding information
I like shopping with friends
I don't like shopping with my parents
I prefer shopping in the evening
I do not go shopping at the weekend
I like to go shopping during stocks
I do not like expensive shopping
I save money on shopping
I buy gifts for friends while shopping
I hate shopping in the winter
I was shopping with my aunt last week
I want to buy a dress for shopping next time
Перевод:
я люблю ходить на шопинг с друзьями
я не люблю ходить на шопинг с родителями
я предпочитаю шопинг в вечернее время
я не хожу на шопинг в выходные дни
мне нравится ходить на шопинг во время акций
я не люблю дорогой шопинг
я экономлю деньги на шопинге
я покупаю подарки друзьям во время шопинга
я ненавижу ходить на шопинг зимой
я был на шопинге с тетей на неделе
я хочу купить платье на шопинге в следующий раз