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АнонимФизика31 января 18:37
В горелке сжигается топливо массой m1. КПД горелки n. Полезная теплота Q передается куску меди, массой m2. В результате
чего его температура T повышается от T1 до T2. Нагретую медь кладут на большую льдину при T=273 К. Масса образовавшейся воды m3. дано: дерево m1 = 349г m2 = 8 кг T1 = 285К m3 = 1,16кг Найти: n Q T2
ответ или решение
Данные: m1 (масса сгоревшего топлива (сухих дров)) = 349 г = 0,349 кг; m2 (масса куска меди) = 8 кг; Т1 (исходная температура куска меди) = 285 К; m3 (масса образовавшейся воды) = 1,16 кг; T (первоначальная температура льдины) = 273 К.
Постоянные: qд (уд. теплота сгорания сухих дров) = 107 Дж/кг; См (уд. теплоемкость меди) = 400 Дж/(кг*К); λ (уд. теплота плавления льда) = 34 * 104 Дж/кг.
1) Теплота, полученная большой льдиной от куска меди (полезная теплота): Q = λ * m3 = 34 * 104 * 1,16 = 39,44 * 104 Дж = 394,4 кДж.
2) Конечная температура куска меди: T2 = Q / (Cм * m2) + Т = Q / (Cм * m2) + Т = 39,44 * 104 / (400 * 8) + 273 = 396,25 К.
3) КПД горелки: η = Q / Qд = Q / (qд * m1) = 39,44 * 104 / (107 * 0,349) = 0,113 или 11,3%.
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