1) 3.75 МДж 2) 0.45 Мдж
Объяснение:
1) В первом случае совершается работа на поднятие тела против силы тяжести. Эта работа равна потенциальной энергии тела на некоторой высоте: A=E=mgh, где m - масса тела, поднятого над землёй; g≈10 Н/кг - ускорение свободного падения; h - высота тела над землёй.
m=250 кг, h=1.5 км.
A=250 кг * 10 H/кг * 1.5 км= 3750 кДж= 3.75 МДж
2) Во второй задаче нужно просто найти потенциальную энергию:
E=mgh, где m - масса тела, поднятого над землёй; g≈10 Н/кг- ускорение свободного падения; h - высота тела над землёй.
m=3000 кг, h=15 м.
E=3*10³ кг * 15 м * 10 Н/кг = 450 кДж = 0.45 МДж
Объяснение:
1)Дано:
Q = 63 кДж = 63000Дж
Δt = 10° C
m = 3 кг
c - ?
Кількість теплоти, необхідне для нагрівання тіла або виділяється при його охолодженні, прямо пропорційно масі тіла і зміни його температури:
Q = cmΔt звідси найдемо питому теплоємність :
c = Q/mΔt
c = 63000Дж/10°С*3кг = 2100 Дж/кг*°С
2)
Оскільки лід вже знаходиться при температурі плавлення, то кількість теплоти, необхідне для плавлення тіла або виділяється при його кристалізації, прямо пропорційно масі цього тіла:
Q = m*λ = 5*3,3*10⁵ = 1,65*10⁶ Дж = 1,65 МДж, де λ -питома теплота плавління
λ = 3,3 * 10 ^ 5 Дж / кг.
4) Дано:
Q=23 MДж= 23*10^6 Дж
m - ?
Кількість теплоти, що виділяється при згорянні палива, прямо пропорційно його масі:
Q=q*m; => m=Q/q, де q-питома теплота згоряння qг = 4,6*10^7 Дж/кг;
Знайдемо масу гасу:
m=23*10^6 Дж / 4,6*10^7 Дж/кг = 0,5 кг
5) Дано:
A=50 Дж
Qx=100 Дж
Qн=?
Знайдемо енергію,яка виділилась під час згоряння палива по формулі:
Qн=A+Qx=50+100=150 Дж
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