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1. N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3
n(N2) = 1 моль n(H2) = 3 моль
Если n(N2) = 5 моль, то n(H2) = 15 моль.
V = Mn
M(H2) = 1*2 = 2л/моль
V = 2*15 = 30 л.
2. Fe2O3.
M = 56*2 + 16*3 = 160 г/моль
X = 56*2/160 = 112/160 = 70% (или 0,7)
3. t
6P + 3O2 = P2O3
n(P) = 6 моль.
m=M*n
M(P) = 31 г/моль.
m = 6*31 = 186 г.
4. Cм. 1 задачу, она такая же.
5. 2Fe2O3 + 3C = 4Fe + 3CO2 (газ).
Если n(Fe2O3) = 0,2 моль,
то n(Fe) = 0,4 моль.
m=M*n
M=56 г/моль.
m = 56*0,4 = 22,4 г.
6. t
AgNO3 = Ag + NO3
m(AgNO3) = 1,7 г.
n(AgNO3) = m/M
M(AgNO3) = 108 + 14 + 16*3 = 112 + 48 = 160 г/моль.
n(AgNO3) = 1,7/160 = 0,010625 моль.
n(AgNO3) = n(Ag) = 0,010625 моль.
7. Сu2O + H2 = Cu + H2O
m(Cu) = 12,8 г.
M(Cu) = 64 г/моль.
n = m/M
n = 12,8/64 = 0,2 моль.
V(H2) = M*n
n(H2) = n(Cu) = 0,2 моль.
M(H2) - 1*2 = 2 л/моль.
V(H2) = 0,2*2 = 0,4 л.
8. 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
n(O2) = 4 моль. =>
n(H2) = 8 моль.
V(H2) = M*n
M(H2) = 2 л/моль.
V(H2) = 2*8 = 16 л.
9.
Na2CO3 + CaCl2 = CaCO3(осадок) + 2NaCl.
n(CaCl2) = mр.в./M(CaCl2)
200г = 100%
mр.в. = Хг = 5%
Х/200 = 0,05
Х = 0,05 * 200 = 10 г.
M(CaCl2) = 40 + 35,5*2 = 110 г/моль.
n(CaCl2) = 10/110 =(прим.) 0,9 моль. =>
n(CaCO3) = n(CaCl2) = 0,9 моль.
M(CaCO3) = 40 + 12 + 16*3 = 52 + 48 = 100г/моль.
m(CaCO3) = M*n
m(CaCO3) = 100*0.9 = 90 г.
10. 6HCl + 2Al = 2AlCl3 + 3H2(газ).
m(Al) = 5.4 г.
M(Al) = 27г/моль.
n = m/M
n(Al) = 5.4/27 = 0.2 моль.=>
n(H2) = 0.3 моль.
M(H2) = 1*2 = 2л/моль.
m = M*n
m = 0.3*2 = 0.6 л.
11. BaCl2.
BaCl2 + H2SO4 = 2HCl + BaSO4 (осадок)
BaCl2 + 2AgNO3 = Ba(NO3)2 + 2AgCl (осадок).
12. Сa(OH)2
1) Ca(OH)2 + CO2 = CaCO3 (осадок) + H2O
2) 3Сa(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 = Ca3(PO4)2 (осадок) + 6H2O
13. HCl
1) HCl + KOH = KCl + H2O
2) 2HCl + Ca = CaCl2 + H2 (газ)
3) 2HCl + MgO = MgCl2 + H2O
14. Fe2(SO4)3.
1) Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 = BaSO4 (осадок) + 2FeCl3
2) Fe2(SO4)3 + 2Na3PO4 = 2FePO4 (осадок) + 3Na2SO4
Удачи)
φ(Ag₂O\Ag°)=+0,80 В
φ(O₂\4OH⁻)=+0,81 В
Серебро будет катодом гальванопары, свинец анодом. Свинец будет корродировать.
Pb| А(-) Pb+2H₂O-2e=Pb(OH)₂+2H⁺
Ag| K(+) O₂+4H⁺+4e=2H₂O
2Pb+4H₂O+O₂+4H⁺=2Pb(OH)₂+4H⁺+2H₂O
2Pb+2H₂O+O₂=2Pb(OH)₂
Электроны движутся от анода к катоду.