1) 2NaOH+CuSO₄=Na₂SO₄+Cu(OH)₂
2Na+2OH+Cu+SO₄=2Na+SO₄+Cu(OH)₂
2OH+Cu=Cu(OH)₂
2) Mg(OH)₂+2HCl=MgCl₂+2H₂O
Mg+2OH+2H+2Cl=Mg+2Cl+2H₂O
2OH+2H=2H₂O
3) Ag₂S+2HNO₃=2AgNO₃+H₂S
Ag₂S+2H+2NO₃=2Ag+2NO₃+2H+S
Ag₂S=2Ag+S
4) 2AgNO₃+BaCl₂=2AgCl+Ba(NO₃)₂
2Ag+2NO₃+Ba+2Cl=2AgCl+Ba+(NO₃)₂
2Ag+2Cl=2AgCl
5) 6NaOH + Al₂(SO₄)₃ = 2Al(OH)₃ + 3Na₂SO₄
6Na+6OH+2Al+3SO₄=2Al(OH)₃+6Na+3SO₄
6OH+2Al=2Al(OH)₃
7)Ca+2H₂O=Ca(OH)₂+H₂
Ca+2H₂O=Ca+2OH+H₂
2H₂O=2OH+H₂
8)CuO+2HNO₃=Cu(NO₃)₂+H₂O
CuO+2H+2NO₃=Cu+2NO₃+H₂O
CuO+2H=Cu+H₂O
9) 2NaOH+CO₂=Na₂CO₃+H₂O
2Na+2OH+CO₂=2Na+CO₃+H₂O
2OH+CO₂=CO₃+H₂O
2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + Zn⁰ = Zn²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂↑;
2H⁺ + Zn⁰ = Zn²⁺ + H₂↑.
2). 2HCl + CaO = CaCl₂ + H₂O;
2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + CaO = Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂O;
2H⁺ + CaO = Ca²⁺ + H₂O.
3). 2HCl + CuSO₄ ≠
4). HCl + KOH = KCl + H₂O;
H⁺ + Cl⁻ + K⁺ + OH⁻ = K⁺ + Cl⁻ + H₂O;
H⁺ + OH⁻ = H₂O.
5). CuSO₄ + Fe = FeSO₄ + Cu;
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + Fe⁰ = Fe²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + Cu⁰;
Cu²⁺ + Fe⁰ = Fe²⁺ + Cu⁰.
6). CuSO₄ + 2KOH = Cu(OH)₂↓ + K₂SO₄;
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + 2K⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Cu(OH)₂↓ + 2K⁺ + SO₄²⁻;
Cu²⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Cu(OH)₂↓.
7). CuSO₄ + BaCl₂ = BaSO₄↓ + CuCl₂;
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + Ba²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = BaSO₄↓ + Cu²⁺ + 2Cl⁻;
SO₄²⁻ + Ba²⁺ = BaSO₄↓.