Пусть x км/ч — собственная скорость катера, тогда скорость катера по течению равна x + 2 км/ч, а скорость катера против течения равна x - 2 км/ч. На весь путь катер затратила 17/3 - 3/2 = 25/6 (часов), отсюда имеем:
20/(x+2) + 20/(x - 2) = 25/6 ⇔ (20x - 40 + 20x + 40)/((x+2)(x-2)) = 25/6 ⇔
⇔ 40x/(x² - 4) = 25/6 ⇔
⇔ 240x = 25x² - 100 ⇔ 25x² - 240x - 100 = 0 | : 5, x > 0. ⇒ 5x² - 48 - 20 = 0
D = 2304 + 400 = 2704 = 52²
x₁ = ( 48 + 52)/10 = 10 км/ч
x₂ = (48 - 52)/10 = - 0,4 км/ч - не удовлетворяет условию x > 0.
⇒ собственная скорость катера равна 10 км/ч.
ответ: 10
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=12к(4-к) - (4-к)(к²+4к+к²) =(4-к)(12к-к²-4к-к²)=(4-к)(8к-2к²)=2к(4-к)(4-к)