Task 1. Read the text and answer the questions. Travel is something that people do every day. It is very difficult to avoid the need to travel. It may be a trip to school, university or to work. Travelling can often take a long time, especially when great distances need to be covered. People often enjoy travelling abroad for holidays. However, for some people travelling is not fun at all. Some people suffer from travel sickness. This means that they will become unwell each time they travel.
Travelling can be either affordable or costly. It often depends on how far you want to travel and the choice of transport. Using a bicycle will not cost anything as you power it by using your legs. However, the use of a bicycle can be hard work and can take a lot of time to travel long distances. Cars and motorcycles are faster modes of transport, but are more expensive to use as gasoline is needed for them to work. It can usually be assumed that the longer you wish to travel, the more expensive and time consuming it will be.
The use of a plane is necessary for people wanting to travel very long distances. A pilot will fly a plane from an airport for many thousands of miles to take people to places far away. Although traffic is rarely a problem for airplanes, it can take a lot of preparation to travel by plane. People often need to arrive at the airport three hours prior to departure.
A train is another mode of transport which is ideal for travelling long distances within the same country, or between countries which are connected by land. A train driver will stop at train stations on route to allow passengers wishing to proceed to the scheduled destination to board the train.
A number of destinations can be travelled by using the sea. People often depart from a harbour in a ferry which is driven by a captain. If the journey is a long distance, people may choose to sleep on the ferry while they wait to arrive at their destination. Some people choose to go on a cruise for their holiday, which would involve stopping at many different city ports for a short amount of time. People who need to travel short distances may choose not to use any transport at all. People often rely on their legs to take them to places nearby and they walk. This is often encouraged as certain modes of transport have been said to produce harmful emissions and damage the environment.
1. Which mode of transport does not cost money?
.
2. Why do some people not enjoy travelling?
.
3. Which mode of transport is ideal for travelling between countries connected by land?
.
(3)
Task 2. Rewrite the sentences in Passive Voice
Образец: A telephone call woke me up. – I was woken up by a telephone call.
1. Beginners use that computer.
2. Somebody is opening the window now.
3. We sold the last French text -book.
4. People all over Russia watch the news.
5. Don’t worry, we shall settle your problems.
6. We have just sent for the doctor.
7. The Semyenovs don’t use this room very often.
8. Thomas Coryate brought forks from Italy to England.
9. He has just repaired his car.
10. Somebody addressed the letter to the wrong person.
(3)
Task 3.Translate the sentences in Causative form
1.Я покрасила стены.
2. Она делает маникюр каждую неделю.
3. Ты подстриглась?
4. Она починила розетки.
5. Он не будет мыть машину.
6. Она починила машину?
7.Алиса покрасила стены.
(3)
Task 4. Complete the sentences with the future perfect (will have done) or the future continuous (will be doing) and the verbs in the box.
Disappear arrive cook watch replace move finish fly teach listen
When we reach Portsmouth we our voyage.
When I drive my car I to the new CD.
In a twenty years' time thousands of species from this
planet.
In a few hours' time we on the plane.
I'll meet you at four o'clock. - At four? I'm afraid I English.
We the wheels before you come back from the shop.
Shall I buy a pizza? - There's no need. I as usual.
I'm sorry, we can't come tonight. We the new documentary on TV.
My new PC by the end of this week.
The Johnsons in their new house by Christmas.
A Russian military fort was built at Maykop in 1857.[12]
In 1911, oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.[citation needed]
In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region was merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast, and became the administrative centerof the autonomy. Maykop was occupied by the Wehrmacht on August 9, 1942 without a fight as a result of Brandenburger commandooperation. In January 1943, it was liberated by the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army.
Since 1991, Maykop has been the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.