Almost everyone has watched building of a house and followed its progress with interest. First the excavation is dug for the basement, then the foundation walls bellow ground level are constructed; after this the framework is erected and clothed with various finishing materials and protected by several coats of paint. The part upon which the stability of the structure depends is the framework. It is intended for safely carrying the loads imposed. The floors, walls, roof and other parts of the building must be carefully designed and proportioned. The architect or designer must decide what the size of the walls, the floors, the beams, the girders and the parts which make up the framework must be, and how they must be placed and arranged. Sometimes it is done by the architect who draws the plans for the house, sometimes by a designer. are the main parts of a building and their functions. Foundations are to keep the walls and floors from contact with the soil, to guard them against the action of frost, to prevent them from sinking and settling which can cause cracks in walls and uneven floors. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
progress –
foundation walls –
below ground level –
parts of the building –
the loads –
must be carefully proportioned –
to prevent them from sinking –
fire-resisting material –
the weight of floors –
brick –
to tie the walls –
natural materials –
to protect from exposure to weather –
2. I do not drink coffee in the evening. I drink coffee in the morning.
3. Is your friend doing his homework now?
4. Does your friend go to school in the morning?
5. Look! The baby is sleeping.
6. The baby always sleeps after dinner.
7. My grandmother doesn't work. She is on pension.
8. My father isn't sleeping now. He is working in the garden.
9. I usually get up at seven o'clock in the morning.
10. What is your sister doing now? — She is washing her face and hands.
11. When do you usually come home from school? — I come at three o'clock.
12. Where does your cousin work? -- He works at a hospital.
13. Does your sister study at an institute? - No, she studies at school.
14. My cousin goes to school every day.
15. My mother is not playing the piano now.
She plays the piano in the morning.