а) John Lennon was older than Paul McCartney.
To answer this question, we need to compare the ages of John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Since we are comparing two people, we use the comparative form of the adjective "old," which is "older."
b) Some people think the Met is better than the Louvre.
To compare the quality or value of two things, in this case, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (the Met) and the Louvre, we use the comparative form of the adjective "good," which is "better."
c) Eric was more afraid in Harlem in the Subway.
Here, we are comparing the level of fear that Eric felt in Harlem's Subway with something else that is not specified in the question. Since we are comparing the intensity of fear, we use the comparative form of the adjective "afraid," which is "more afraid."
d) Cats are nicer than dogs.
To compare the characteristics of cats and dogs, specifically their niceness, we use the comparative form of the adjective "nice," which is "nicer."
e) Cartoons are better than music programmes.
In this case, we are comparing the quality or preference between cartoons and music programs. Since cartoons are considered to be of higher quality or more preferable, we use the comparative form of the adjective "good," which is "better."
f) The Empire State is bigger than the Chrysler Building.
To compare the sizes of two buildings, the Empire State and the Chrysler Building, we use the comparative form of the adjective "big," which is "bigger."
g) Barcelona is smaller than Madrid, but bigger than Valencia.
Here, we are comparing the sizes of three cities: Barcelona, Madrid, and Valencia. Barcelona is smaller than Madrid and bigger than Valencia. Again, we use the comparative form of the adjectives "small" and "big."
2. Write the adjectives in the Superlative form.
a) John Lennon was the oldest.
To indicate that John Lennon was the oldest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "old," which is "the oldest."
b) The Met is the best.
To indicate that the Met is the best, we use the superlative form of the adjective "good," which is "the best."
c) Eric was the most afraid.
To suggest that Eric was the most afraid, we use the superlative form of the adjective "afraid," which is "the most afraid."
d) Cats are the nicest.
To highlight that cats are the nicest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "nice," which is "the nicest."
e) Cartoons are the best.
To indicate that cartoons are the best, we use the superlative form of the adjective "good," which is "the best."
f) The Empire State is the biggest.
To emphasize that the Empire State is the biggest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "big," which is "the biggest."
g) Barcelona is the smallest, but Valencia is the biggest.
Here, we are comparing the sizes of Barcelona, Madrid, and Valencia. Barcelona is the smallest, and Valencia is the biggest. These are the superlative forms of the adjectives "small" and "big."
1. Complex network of electronic circuits - сложная сеть электронных цепей
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits.
2. Operate switches - управлять переключателями
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the switches can be turned on or off to control the machine.
3. Possible states - возможные состояния
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that the switches and cores can be in one or two possible states.
4. Store numbers - хранить числа
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the machine is capable of storing and manipulating numbers.
5. Process symbols - обрабатывать символы
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that the machine can manipulate letters and characters.
6. Input signals - вводить сигналы
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the machine can be controlled by inputting signals to turn switches on or off.
7. Turn on - включать
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that signals can turn switches on.
8. Turn off - выключать
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that signals can turn switches off.
9. Demagnetize cores - размагничивать сердечники
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the cores can be magnetized or demagnetized.
10. Information processing - обработка информации
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that the basic job of computers is the processing of information.
11. Information in the form of commands - информация в виде команд
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that computers accept information in the form of instructions or commands.
12. Data - данные
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers manipulate numbers, letters, and characters called data.
13. Perform mathematical operations - выполнять математические операции
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that computers perform mathematical operations on the information.
14. Provide results - выдавать результаты
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers supply the results of the mathematical and logical operations.
15. Provide necessary information - обеспечивать необходимую информацию
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the data inside the computer provides the information needed to solve problems.
16. Have remarkable capabilities - иметь замечательные возможности
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers are considered to have many remarkable powers.
17. Basic properties - основные свойства
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that most computers, whether large or small, have three basic capabilities.
18. Addition, subtraction, division, multiplication - сложение, вычитание, деление, умножение
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that computers have circuits for performing arithmetic operations.
19. Exponentiation - возведение в степень
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers have circuits for performing exponentiation.
20. Means of communication - средства для общения
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that computers have a means of communicating with the user.
21. Input device - устройство ввода
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers have an input device (disk drive or tape drive) for reading information.
22. Read information - считывать информацию
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that the computer's input device reads the information into the computer.
23. Output information - вывод информации
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that computers output information using devices like printers or cathode-ray tube displays.
24. Cathode-ray tube - катодно-лучевая трубка
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can have a cathode-ray tube display.
25. Make decisions - принимать решения
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that computers have circuits which can make decisions.
26. Perform thousands of logical operations - выполнять тысячи логических операций
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can make thousands of logical decisions without becoming tired.
27. Find a solution to a problem - находить решение задачи
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that a computer can find the solution to a problem in a fraction of the time it takes a human.
28. Significantly shorter time interval - значительно меньший промежуток времени
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can solve problems in a fraction of the time compared to a human.
29. Human - человек
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a human can do the same but in many cases would not finish the job.
30. Tedious routine work - нудная рутинная работа
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can replace people in dull, routine tasks.
31. In accordance with the entered program - в соответствии с введенной программой
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that a computer works according to the instructions given to it.
32. Form its own judgments - вырабатывать свои суждения
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do.
33. Possibilities limited by the program - возможности ограничены программой
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer's achievements are limited by the minds of human beings.
34. Provide required information - дать требуемую информацию
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that a computer cannot do anything unless a person gives it the necessary information.
35. Electric impulses - электрические импульсы
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can carry out operations using electric pulses.
36. At the speed of light - со скоростью света
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that electric pulses can move at the speed of light.
37. Instantly perform a large number of mathematical operations - мгновенно производить огромное количество математических операций
Обоснование: In the text, it is mentioned that a computer can carry out great numbers of arithmetic-logical operations almost instantaneously.
38. Person may not have enough time to finish the job - человеку может не хватить всей жизни, чтобы закончить работу
Обоснование: In the text, it is stated that a person would be dead before finishing the job that a computer can do in a fraction of the time.
To answer this question, we need to compare the ages of John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Since we are comparing two people, we use the comparative form of the adjective "old," which is "older."
b) Some people think the Met is better than the Louvre.
To compare the quality or value of two things, in this case, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (the Met) and the Louvre, we use the comparative form of the adjective "good," which is "better."
c) Eric was more afraid in Harlem in the Subway.
Here, we are comparing the level of fear that Eric felt in Harlem's Subway with something else that is not specified in the question. Since we are comparing the intensity of fear, we use the comparative form of the adjective "afraid," which is "more afraid."
d) Cats are nicer than dogs.
To compare the characteristics of cats and dogs, specifically their niceness, we use the comparative form of the adjective "nice," which is "nicer."
e) Cartoons are better than music programmes.
In this case, we are comparing the quality or preference between cartoons and music programs. Since cartoons are considered to be of higher quality or more preferable, we use the comparative form of the adjective "good," which is "better."
f) The Empire State is bigger than the Chrysler Building.
To compare the sizes of two buildings, the Empire State and the Chrysler Building, we use the comparative form of the adjective "big," which is "bigger."
g) Barcelona is smaller than Madrid, but bigger than Valencia.
Here, we are comparing the sizes of three cities: Barcelona, Madrid, and Valencia. Barcelona is smaller than Madrid and bigger than Valencia. Again, we use the comparative form of the adjectives "small" and "big."
2. Write the adjectives in the Superlative form.
a) John Lennon was the oldest.
To indicate that John Lennon was the oldest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "old," which is "the oldest."
b) The Met is the best.
To indicate that the Met is the best, we use the superlative form of the adjective "good," which is "the best."
c) Eric was the most afraid.
To suggest that Eric was the most afraid, we use the superlative form of the adjective "afraid," which is "the most afraid."
d) Cats are the nicest.
To highlight that cats are the nicest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "nice," which is "the nicest."
e) Cartoons are the best.
To indicate that cartoons are the best, we use the superlative form of the adjective "good," which is "the best."
f) The Empire State is the biggest.
To emphasize that the Empire State is the biggest, we use the superlative form of the adjective "big," which is "the biggest."
g) Barcelona is the smallest, but Valencia is the biggest.
Here, we are comparing the sizes of Barcelona, Madrid, and Valencia. Barcelona is the smallest, and Valencia is the biggest. These are the superlative forms of the adjectives "small" and "big."