Кзавтрашнему дню нужно , ( : complet e the sentences below with words from the box. mammal species cell environment composition threatened adapt diseases crops building blocks 1 unfortunately, the growth of cities often means wildlife is with extinction. 2 a is an animal that feeds its babies milk. 3 farmers that grow like cereals and vegetables normally have to work very hard. 4 the smallest, basic structural and functional unit of life is a 5 serious illnesses are known as .. 6 what something is made of is its z it's amazing how animals can to changes in their living conditions. 8 there are many different of butterfly. 9 humankind's actions have often had a negative effect on the 10 the most basic parts of something can be called . сам текст : i am writing this letter to welcome all of you who are about to begin your first year course in biology here at the university. you might think it is a little early for me to ask you to think about what you will do when you leave here in three years' time. however, our science, like any other, has so many different areas it is impossible for you to study them all. the first thing you will need to think about is specialising. this letter is to offer you some suggestions to think about for your future. as you know, there are four main areas of biology that we shall concentrate on in the coming years. biology can be divided into zoology, the study of animal life, and botany, the study of plant life. we shall also study molecular biology, the study of how the building blocks of living things, the cells, work. another topic of interest is genetics, how biological information is passed on from one generation to the next: that is, inheritance. you should specialise, but you will also need to know about all of these four areas of study. plants and animals do not live separately from each other; all living things are made up of cells and one of the things genetics tells us is how plants and animals adapt to the conditions around them. so what about after the course is over and you have graduated in biology? can you have a career in biology? for those who choose to specialise in genetics or molecular biology there are important career opportunities in medicine. at the present time, there is a great deal of research going on in gene therapy where biologists are working with doctors and chemists to find new ways of treating diseases. other biologists are looking at ways of changing the genetic composition of the plants we grow for food; of making them more able to fight diseases and at the same time produce more food. we are experiencing a period of climatic change too, and this is having an effect on the way animals and plants live. the science of ecology is becoming more and more important; biologists who specialise in zoology are working in many parts of the world. some are working to protect species like the tiger, which are seriously threatened by climate change. others are investigating wildlife from the smallest insects to the largest mammals, trying to understand how they all live together. botanists are looking at the effect new types of food crops have on the environment and how changes in that area can affect our general health. there is even a new area of biology called astrobiology, which is looking at the possibilities of life on other planets - but perhaps that is something for the more distant future. whatever you specialise in, as long as there is life on this (or any other) planet, there is work for a biologist. good luck and enjoy your studies! jean shearer professor of biology 2 : e comprehension read the text and answer the questions in your own words. 1 what four areas can biology be divided into? 2 if you are interested in cells, which area should you study? 3 how can zoologists help animals in the wild? 4 in what way can botanists protect people and the environment? 5 what is astrobiology?
1. Biology can be divided into zoology (the study of animal life), botany (the study of plant life), molecular biology (the study of how the building blocks of living things, the cells, work) and genetics (how biological information is passed on from one generation to the next)
2. If you're interested in cells, you should study genetics.
3. Zoologists work in many parts of the world. Some are trying to protect species, others are investigating wildlife.
4. Botanists are looking at the effect new types of food crops have on the environement and how changes in that area can affect our general health.
5. Astrobiology is looking at the possibilities of life on other planets.