Это довольно сложная тема.
Смотри, при преобразование прямой речи в косвенную, прямая речь преобразуется в время.
То есть, Present Simple (настоящее простое)→ на простое):
Present Continuous→Past Continuous
Past simple→Past Perfect
Present Perfect→Past Perfect
Past Perfect→Past Perfect
Past Continuous→ Past Perfect Continuous
(Future Simpe)Will→Would(Future -in-the past)
Can→Could
May/Might→Might
Should→Should
Must/have to→Must or had to
Ought to→Ought to
Present Perfect Continuous→Past Perfect Continuous
Например: ''I love you''- Nastya said ---- She said that she loved me( Prasent Simple на Past Simple)
Впереди всегда ставится To be( she, he,they,we...) said/told/ask
Told используется когда к кому-то обращаются. Например: She told me/us/them/her/him that she had called the day before.
Ask используется в вопросительных предложениях. Например: He ask,'' Did you study?'' преобразуется в He asked me if I had studyed.
При преобразовании вопроса в косвенную речь He/she/they asked me if ( формула) добавляется I had studyed( не как вопрос did you study?, мы должны преобразовать этот вопрос в утвердительное предложение, то есть did you study? ---- I studyed и уже его изменить на косвенное предложение I studyed( Past Simple) --- I had studyed( Past Perfect)
Не обязательно ставить везде that, так просто проще для понимания
Так же есть слова которые тоже изменяются и их нужно заучить,запомнить
Прямая речь Косвенная речь
today that day
now then/at the moment
yesterday the day before
... day/year/month ago ... day/year/month before
last week/day/year the week/day/year before
next week/day the following week/day
tomorrow the next/following day
here there
this that
these those
ago previously/before
tonight that night
Family is one of the most essential aspects of life. If you can build good relationships in a family, you will succeed in this with other people, too. In addition, harmonious family constitutes a part of personal happiness. However, it is not always easy to get on well with all members of your family. Obviously, people may be in a bad temper, be nervous or lose their temper. As usual, people’s mood is influenced by stressful situations at work or at school. However, other people can also make some impact. For example, we may have problems at work or our boss punishes us for something. We can’t deal with that and usually keep down, as we can’t argue with our superior. So this negativity after work still exists inside us and we feel angry. We come back home and the first person we lash out at is always a member of our family. We shout at them or begin to quarrel about silly things with them. Of course, we might feel guilty afterwards because our loved ones don’t deserve this. It is not fair to treat them that way. However, we can’t calm down and understand that before we hurt them. The main reason why we do so is because we know they forgive us, anyway. Nevertheless, if you want to have good relationships with your family, you should try to control your emotions, listen to your parents and relatives, talk to them and try to share your thoughts and feelings with them not to take it out on them.
There are a lot of beautiful old buildings. We have alredy seen Westminster Abbey, Big Ben (now it called Elizabeth’s Tower), The Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, St. Paul’s Cathedral, London Bridge, The Tower of london and The Waxworks Madame Tussaunds Museum. There are the models of famous people from pop stars to prime ministers made from wax in this museum. They look like real. It’s so interesting.
My parents and I are walking on Trafalgar Square now. There is Nelson’s Column in its centre which is guarded by four lion statues at its base. By the way, I sent you this postcard with a picture of Trafalgar Square.
The weather is not fine today, it’s foggy and rainy. But it doesn’t spoil our walking.
We took much photos. Next week we will be at home and I’ll show you them.Don’t miss the chance to visit England and London.
Best wishes,
Maria
Дорогой Алекс,Как дела? Я в столице Англии - в Лондоне. Мои родители и я всегда мечтали о посещении этого прекрасного города.Здесь много красивых старинных зданий. Мы уже осмотрели Вестминстерское аббатство, Биг Бен (теперь это называется башня Елизаветы), здание Парламента, Букингемский дворец, Кафедральный собор Св. Павла, Лондонский мост, Лондонский Тауэр и музей восковых фигур мадам Тюссо. В этом музее есть фигуры известных людей от поп-звезд до премьер-министров, сделанные из воска. Они выглядят как настоящие. Это так интересно.Мои родители и я гуляем сейчас по Трафальгарской площади. В ее центре стоит Колонна Нельсона, которую у основания охраняют четыре статуи львов. Кстати, я послала тебе эту открытку с изображением Трафальгарской площади.Погода сегодня не очень, туманно и дождливо. Но это не портит нашу прогулку.Мы сделали много фотографий. На следующей неделе мы будем дома, и я покажу тебе их.Не упусти возможность посетить Англию и Лондон.С наилучшими пожеланиями,Мария