Самое главное про Present Perfect Continuous - это то, что оно указывает на действие, которое началось когда-то в продолжалось выполняться в течение какого-то времени и либо закончилось непосредственно перед разговором или все еще продолжается в момент разговора. При этом говорящему важность подчеркнуть длительность действия, кроме того говорящий предполагает какое-то влияние этого действия на настоящий момент. (старался-старался, и вот))).
образуется так: вс глагол (have been или has been (для 3 лица единственного числа) + смысловой глагол с окончанием -ing.
отрицательная форма добаляет not , то есть получается вс глагол (have been или has been (для 3 лица единственного числа) + not + смысловой глагол с окончанием -ing.
Маркерами этого времени являются например слова since ( с какого-то момента), for (в течение какого-то времени for half an), all (all the morning) и другие.
Примеры в плане учебы, соревнований могут быть такие:
I have been learning English for 4 years. (при этом имеется в виду, что и сейчас в этом году учу).
I have been preparing for the competition since April (и не бросил подготовку и даже достиг каких-то результатов).
Happiness consists of many components, including loving family and faithful friends. Both these social groups are very important for each person. Everyone needs support, love and attention. When we are happy, we need close people to share our happiness with them. When we are sad, we need family and friends to support us. I think that those, who have at least two or three really close and trustworthy people beside them, are really lucky.
In my opinion, family is much more important than money, success or fame. After all, parents are the only people who love us the way we are. They will always be on our side, no matter what happens.
Friends are also important, but we can never be sure how true they will stay to us in different situations. Sometimes friends can betray. It isn’t easy to find true and faithful friends, but when we do, they stay for a lifetime and become as close as the family.
As for me, I have two best friends and we know each other from the nursery. Their names are Anna and Sveta. Today we study together at the 8th form and I hope that we will all stay best friends forever. We all love foreign languages, so we might enter the same university. Last year, we took part in an international exchange program. During this event together with our teacher we visited Great Britain and then hosted our English penfriends in Samara.
Speaking about my family, it is always on the first place for me. Apart from parents I have a younger sister and a grandmother, who lives with us. They are always there for me, when I need help or support.