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CIVII20II7
Объяснение:
определим валентность хлора в его соединении с кислородом — Cl2O7.
1. Записываем известную валентность кислорода над формулой. Неизвестную валентность обозначаем буквой x:
Clx2OII7.
2. Находим сумму единиц валентности каждого элемента. Для этого его валентность умножаем на число атомов:
x⋅2=2⋅7.
3. Вычисляем x:
2x=14,x=14:2=7.
Валентность хлора равна VII:
ClVII2OII7.
Составление формулы бинарного соединения по валентностям химических элементов
Если известны валентности двух элементов, то можно составить формулу их соединения.
1. Находим кол-во гидроксида алюминия, зная его массу и молярную массу:
n = m / M = 68 / 78 = 0.87 моль
2. Из уравнения реакции видно, что n(Al(OH)3) / n(Al2O3) = 2 / 1, значит
n(Al2O3) = n(Al(OH)3) / 2 = 0.87 / 2 = 0.435 моль
3. Зная кол-во оксида алюминия и его молярную массу, находим массу:
m(Al2O3) = M x n = 102 x 0.435 = 44.37 г