1) MgCO₃ + 2HCl = MgCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂↑
MgCO₃ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = Mg²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂O + CO₂↑
MgCO₃ + 2H⁺ = Mg²⁺ + H₂O + CO₂↑
MgCl₂ + 2KOH = Mg(OH)₂↓ + 2KCl
Mg²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2K⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Mg(OH)₂↓ + 2K⁺ + 2Cl⁻
Mg²⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Mg(OH)₂↓
Mg(OH)₂ + Н₂SO₄ = MgSO₄ + 2Н₂О
Mg(OH)₂ + 2H⁺ + SO₄²⁻ = Mg²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + 2H₂O
Mg(OH)₂ + 2H⁺ = Mg²⁺ + 2H₂O
2) CuSO₄ + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)₂↓ + Na₂SO₄
Cu²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ + 2Na⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Cu(OH)₂↓ + 2Na⁺ + SO₄²⁻
Cu²⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Cu(OH)₂↓
Cu(OH)₂ = CuO + H₂O
CuO + H₂ = Cu + H₂O
3) ZnCl₂ + 2KOH = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2KCl
Zn²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2K⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2K⁺ + 2Cl⁻
Zn²⁺ + 2OH⁻ = Zn(OH)₂↓
Zn(OH)₂ + 2HCl = ZnCl₂ + 2H₂O
Zn(OH)₂ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = Zn²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2H₂O
Zn(OH)₂ + 2H⁺ = Zn²⁺ + 2H₂O
Mr(CaCO3)=40+12+16*3=100г/моль
Mr(Al2(SO4)3=27*2+(32+16*4*)*3=342г/моль
ω(Ca/в-ве)=Ar(э)*k/M(вещ-ва)*100%
ω(Ca/в-ве)=40*1/100*100%=40%
ω(Al/в-ве)=27*2/342*100%=16%