Задание 1. 1. His work was more careless than mine.
His work was the most careless in the class.
2. Basketball is more popular than tennis.
Basketball is the most popular (sport) in the USA.
3. This watch is more expensive than that one.
This watch is the most expensive in the shop
4. Tuesday is more convenient for me than Friday.
Tuesday is the most convenient for me of all week- days.
Задание 2.
1. I‘m going on a trip to New York.
2. Please make an appointment when you come.
3. My brother isn’t going with me.
4. Were you interviewed by Mr. Cooper?
5. Did you put your signature on this application form?
6. I have changed my appointment on Monday to Tuesday.
7. I can come any day besidesThursday.
Задание 3.
1. The performance must be over and there are many people leaving the theatre.
2. I don’t believe that he said it. He can’t say such things.
3. It is impossible that they should have refused to help you. They can’t break their promise.
4. Can you really mean this?
5. I’m sure my students must be at a lecture now; they never miss classes.
6. The message must be delivered in time as we received an immediate answer.
7. There is no doubt that was all prepared beforehand. He may watch you.
She said to us " Do it as soon as you can". She told us a) to do it as soon as we could.
Direct-indirect conversion
При переводе прямой речи в косвенную, временная форма сдвигается на шаг в кроме следующих случаев:
1. Если слова автора в настоящем или будущем времени. He will say that he has been there before. Он скажет, что уже был здесь.
2. Действие в Past Perfect (Continuous) или в Future-in-the-Past.
3. Обстоятельства времени не изменились. He said that he bought it yesterday. Он сказал, что купил это вчера.
4. Утверждение всегда верно. The teacher said that water boils at 100 C. Учитель сказал, что вода кипит при ста градусах.
5. Утверждение верно длительный период времени или в текущем отрезке времени. She said that she loves you. Она сказала, что любит тебя.
6. Сообщение повторяется сразу же. He said that the food is delicious. Он сказал, что еда изыскана.
7. В условных предложениях 2 типа. He said that if he were you, he wouldn’t do that. Он сказал, что на твоём месте он не стал бы этого делать.
8. Желаемые события. She said she wished she were younger. Она о том, что она не моложе.
9. Глагол ought to. He said they ought to be careful. Он сказал, что им следует быть осторожней.
10. Глагол must в значении «должно быть». He said that they must be at home. Он сказал, что они должно быть дома.
Для передачи общих вопросов используется if или whether. Вопросительные предложения передаются с прямым порядком слов: He asked me if/whether they were at home. С глаголом-связкой порядок может быть обратным: He asked me what was the price.
При сдвиге временной формы глагола в в косвенной речи, по ситуации, изменяются обстоятельства места и времени, местоимения, а также, происходит отстранение от эмоций:
this – that, these – those, here – there, now - then (at that moment, at once, immediately), come – go, today – (on) that day, yesterday – the day before(earlier), tomorrow - (on) the next (following) day, last week – the week before, ago - before(earlier), next week – the next (following) week, now that – since, so – very, yes/no – answered in the positive/negative, he - that man, we - they, come - go.
Если из прямой речи лицо не известно, используется местоимение they, а в словах автора wanted to know, wondered:
He said: “Come here”. – He told them to come up to him.
He said: “Where are you going?” – He wanted to know/wondered where they were going.
I am sorry, I haven't written to you for a long time. So much has happened!
At the moment I am staying in Rik Morells house together with Sam and Josie. This is a wonderful house. It is not so high. But it is wonderful. We enjoy staying here very much. Sam and Josie send you their greetings. I hope to see you soon.
I look forward to you letter.
Love,
Kate.